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past questions from exams Flashcards

1
Q

what is impaired fasting glucose defined as

A

greater than or equal to 6 but less than 7

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2
Q

what is impaired glucose tolerance defined as

A
  • fasting plasma glucose less than 7

- OGTT 2 hour value greater than or equal to 7.8 but less than 11.1

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3
Q

if a diabetic patient has any foot problems other than caluces what should their management be

A

refer to the diabetic foot clinic

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4
Q

first line treatment for phaechromocytoma

A

phenoxybenzamine (alpha antagonist)

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5
Q

what are the conditions to surrender your drivers license in diabetics

A

if they’ve had more than one episode of severe hypoglycaemia in the past 12 months that required help

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6
Q

side effect of glucocorticoids

A

neutropenia

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7
Q

female has a permanent complete unilateral hearing loss in pregnancy

A

otosclerosis

-pregnancy accelerates it

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8
Q

sausage shaped fingers

A

psoriatic arthritis

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9
Q

female with symmetrical polyarthritis and proteinuria

A

SLE

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10
Q

someone has hearing loss after getting on a plane

A

tympanic perforation or glue ear

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11
Q

bird beak on barium swallow

A

achalasia

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12
Q

why does trimethoprim not work in upper UTI

A

doesn’t penetrate the renal parenchyma

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13
Q

do you give antibiotics for a foot ulcer

A

no

-needs drainage, abscess walled off from the drug and bacteria live on

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14
Q

ankylosing spondylitis then has bloody diarrhoea for two weeks

A

UC

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15
Q

man treated with antibiotics for pneumonia, smoker, returns 6 weeks later still hoarse

A

refer to ENT urgently

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16
Q

what Ig for bullous pemphigoid

A

IgG

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17
Q

stabbed in the neck then right shoulder pain

A

axillary nerve

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18
Q

positive froments

A

cubital tunnel

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19
Q

treatment for anterior uveitis

A

topical prednisolone

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20
Q

heliotrope rash and liner streaks on hands

A

dermatomyositis

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21
Q

woman collapses high potassium low sodium glucose 3.1, daughter said she’s not been taking her medication

A

addisonian crisis

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22
Q

leg ulcers with ABPI >0.8

A

graduated compression

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23
Q

what is seen histologically in psoriasis

A
  • absent granular layer

- hyperproliferation of keratinocytes

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24
Q

haematuria in someone back from abroad

A

schistosomiasis

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25
Q

woman taking NSAIDs for hip replacement develops bleeding (ulcer type)

A

acute erosive gastritis

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26
Q

test for someone with easy bruising and puffy face

A

low dose dexamethasone

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27
Q

child with abdo and joint pain and then has purpuric rash down buttocks to thighs feeling slightly unwell

A

henoch scholein purpura

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28
Q

biceps reflex

A

C5

guys=C5

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29
Q

triceps reflex

A

C7

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30
Q

knee reflex

A

L4

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31
Q

ankle reflex

A

S1

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32
Q

first line for BPH

A

tamulosin

33
Q

man has hypopituitary and bitemporal hemaniopia

A

non-functioning adenoma

34
Q

man has compartment syndrome of extensor part of lower leg

-which structure most affected

A

deep fibular nerve

35
Q

man with dark urine, muscle pain and difficulty getting up from chair

A

rhabdomyolysis

36
Q

gritty eye and TSH antibodies

A

graves

37
Q

what is the cause of polyuria in diabetes

A

osmotic effect of glucose

38
Q

sinusitis for <3 days treatment

A

decongestants

39
Q

trauma then blocked nose

A

septal haematoma

40
Q

what stores sperm

A

epididymis

41
Q

diabetic and has diarrhoea

A

autonomic neuropathy

42
Q

patient has galactorrhoea

A

prolactin producing tumour

43
Q

mid-dilated pupil

red eye

A

acute angle-closure glaucoma

44
Q

red eye, no pain, pool of blood

A

subconjunctival haemorrhage

45
Q

which direction are amino acids transcribed in DNA

A

5 to 3

46
Q

orphan annie nuclei

A

papillary thyroid cancer

47
Q

what does L1 supply

A

groin

L1 to the bum

48
Q

medication for proteinuria and hypertension

A

labetalol

49
Q

stridor and drooling in a child

A

epiglottitis

50
Q

kid has rusty brown sputum and severe cough

A

pneumonia

51
Q

what muscles does the femoral nerve supply

A
  • pectineus
  • iliacus
  • sartorius
  • quadriceps femoris
52
Q

would myeloma cause high or low calcium and why

A

high calcium due to bone breakdown

53
Q

investigation for prolapsed disc

A

MRI

54
Q

which nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid

A

CN XI

55
Q

loss of lumbar lordosis

A

mechanical back pain

56
Q

back pain after lifting something heacy

A

slipped disc

57
Q

itchy, blistering rash, sore abdo pain, change in bowel movements

A

dermatitis herpetiformis

58
Q

woman, ankle ulcer just healed, ABPI good on both legs

A

compression stockings

59
Q

surfer with hearing loss

A

exostosis

-abnormal bone growth within ear canal

60
Q

woman had children, nausea and vomiting, then sudden onset dizziness lasting 2 weeks

A

acute labyrinthitis

61
Q

what virus for slapped cheek

A

parovirus B19

62
Q

bronchiolitis, infant with wheeze

A

RSV

63
Q

what virus for croup

A

parainfluenza virus

64
Q

management for cholesteatoma

A

urgent ENT referral

65
Q

autoimmune process with a moss like appearance (derm)

A

lichen planus

66
Q

investigation for impetigo

A

bacterial swab

67
Q

target lesion

A

erythema multiforme

68
Q

what Ig deposits in vasculature in erythema multiforme

A

IgM

69
Q

investigation for chronic sinusitis and discharge

A

CT sinus

70
Q

AKI and hyperkalaemia

A

goodpastures

71
Q

patient with gum hyperpigmentation, what investigation?

A

synacthen

72
Q

whats a divergent squint

A

an eye that turns outwards

73
Q

what is a convergent squint

A

an eye that turns inwards

74
Q

halos around lights

A

closed angle glaucoma

75
Q

first line treatment for open angle glaucoma

A

latanoprost

76
Q

first line for closed angle glaucoma

A

pilocarpine eye drops

77
Q

headache and loss of vision in the cinema with haloes

A

acute angle closure glaucoma

78
Q

white spots on soft palate and ear pain

A

ramsey hunt

79
Q

single crease on nose

A

sign of allergic rhinitis

-crease from constant rubbing

exam stuff (55 decks)

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