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exam stuff > child health dums > Flashcards

child health dums Flashcards

1
Q

causes of antenatal cerebral palsy

A

Toxoplasmosis
Rubella
CMV
Herpes simplex

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2
Q

genetic cause of duchenne muscular dystrophy

A

X-linked

-malformation of the dystrophin gene

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3
Q

psuedohypertrophy of calves

A

duchenne muscular dystropht

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4
Q

what physical tests can you do to diagnose meningitis

A

Kernig’s

Brudzinkski’s

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5
Q

what can a bulging fontanelle in infants indicate

A

meningitis

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6
Q

causes of meningitis in 0-3 months

A

Group B strep
E. Coli
L. monocytogenes

GEL

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7
Q

when would you not give someone a lumbar puncture

A

when there is suspected increased intracranial pressure

-bulging fontanelle

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8
Q

most common cause of UTIs

A
  • E.coli

- vesicoureteric reflux

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9
Q

investigation for vesicoureteric reflux

A

cystourethrogram

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10
Q

what are kolpik spots

A

white spots on buccal mucosa seen in measles

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11
Q

most common complication of measles

A

otitis media

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12
Q

most common cause of death in measles

A

pneumonia

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13
Q

when are foetus at most risk of rubella

A

pregnancy 8-10 weeks gestation

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14
Q

strawberry tongue

A

scarlet fever

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15
Q

when can kids with scarlet fever go back to school

A

24hrs after antibiotics have been started

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16
Q

complication of mumps

A

orchiditis

inflammation of testes

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17
Q

complications of slapped cheek

A
  • sickle cell anaemia
  • aplastic anaemia
  • spontaneous abortions in pregnancy
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18
Q

what does stridor on inspiration mean

A

partial upper airway obstruction

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19
Q

what does stridor on expiration mean

A

obstruction below the level of the larynx

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20
Q

what do you give to all patients with croup

A

dexamethasone

21
Q

indicators of severe disease in stridor

admit to hospital

A
  • sternal contractions
  • cyanosis
  • constant stridor
  • lethargy
22
Q

thumb print sign on x-ray

A

epiglottitis

23
Q

steeple sign (narrow trachea) on x-ray

A

croup

24
Q

what chromosome for cystic fibrosis

A

chromosome 7

25
Q

if a neonate doesn’t shit within 24 hrs of birth what is suspected

A

cystic fibrosis

26
Q

what is perthe’s disease

A

avascular necrosis of the femoral head

27
Q

hanging rope sign on X-ray

A

perthe’s disease

28
Q

fat pre-pubescent boys

A

SUFE

29
Q

klein line on x-ray

A

SUFE

30
Q

regurgitation in first 2 months

A

GORD

31
Q

projectile whitey

A

pyloric stenosis

32
Q

red current jelly stool

A

intussusception

33
Q

green bilious vomit

A

malrotation w/ volvulus

34
Q

investigation for malrotation with volvulus

A

abdo x-ray

35
Q

investigation and investigation findings for intussusception

A

target/bullseye sign or kidney bean on USS

36
Q

investigation for pyloric stenosis

A

USS

-pyloric hypertrophy

37
Q

presentation of coeliac

A
  • pale stool
  • bloating/abdo pain
  • failure to thrive
  • crypt hyperplasia
  • villi flattening
38
Q

investigation for coeliac

A

endoscopy with duodenal biopsy

39
Q

most common cause of gastroenteritis

A

rotavirus

40
Q

cause of lower GI bleed in a newborn

A
  • anal fissure

- necrotising enterocolitis

41
Q

cause of lower GI bleed in 1 month - 1 year

A
  • anal fissure

- intussusception

42
Q

lower GI bleed in 1-2 years

A
  • polyps

- meckels diverticulum

43
Q

lower GI bleed in >2yrs

A
  • polyps
  • intussusception
  • IBD
44
Q

cause of jaundice 14 days after birth

A

biliary atresia

45
Q

investigation for biliary atresia

A

abdo USS

liver biopsy

46
Q

example of disinhibited RAD

A

displays excessive familiarity with strangers

47
Q

exampled on inhibited RAD

A

doesn’t go to a parent or caregiver in a time of threat/distress/fear

48
Q

when is jaundice pathological

A

first 24 hours of life

-or if its really prolonged

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