Respiratory System

Question 1

What does the Respiratory System do?

Answer 1

Supplies oxygen to the cells and removes CO2, defends body against micro-organisms, produces sounds for speaking, and controls the pH of the body.

Question 2

What are the four levels of Respiration?

Answer 2

Ventilation/Breathing, External Respiration, Internal Respiration, Cellular Respiration.

Question 3

Ventilation / Breathing

Answer 3

The process of inhalation + exhalation. Taking O2 in and removing CO2. Lungs are the main organs of ventilation and breathing.

Question 4

External Respiration

Answer 4

The exchange of gases across the respiratory surface between the alveoli and the blood. Alveolar surface must be moist for this to occur. Blood carries O2 from the lungs to cells of the body.

Question 5

Internal Respiration

Answer 5

The exchange of gases between blood and individual cells or tissues that the O2 is transferred to. O2 diffuses out of blood and CO2 diffuses in. This makes cellular respiration possible.

Question 6

Cellular Respiration

Answer 6

Occurs in the mitochondria. O2 is used to obtain energy in the form of ATP.

Question 7

What are the parts of the respiratory system?

Answer 7

Nasal and Oral Cavities, Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli, Lungs.

Question 8

Nasal and Oral Cavities

Answer 8

Air is filtered by small hairlike cilia on the surface of these passages. It is also warmed as it passes through. These cavities must remain moist.

Question 9

Cilia

Answer 9

Help remove dirt from the respiratory system.

Question 10

The Pharynx

Answer 10

Shared by the digestive and respiratory systems, it connects both the trachea and esophagus (two branches).

Question 11

The Epiglottis

Answer 11

Prevents food from entering the trachea and prevents air from entering the esophagus. It moves between the larynx and esophagus.

Question 12

The Larynx

Answer 12

The voice box or “Adam’s Apple”. Air being pushed past the vocal cords will create sound.

Question 13

The Trachea

Answer 13

Air passes into trachea, a tube lined with cartilaginous rings. It is lined with cilia and mucus to move dirt and debris out of the trachea.

Question 14

The Bronchi

Answer 14

These structures connect with the trachea and branch into the left and right lung. (Bronchus =1)

Question 15

The Bronchioles

Answer 15

Bronchi branch into bronchioles which are lined with cilia and mucus.

Question 16

Alveoli

Answer 16

Bronchioles branch and end with alveoli, structures that are only one cell thick which allows diffusion to occur. Alveoli are the site of gas exchange. Gas is exchanged with the capillaries through diffusion.

Question 17

Lungs

Answer 17

Are made of trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.