Diversity of Living Things Flashcards
What are the three concepts that examine the definition of the term ‘species’?
Morphological, Biological, and Phylogenetic Species Concepts
What is the Systema Naturae?
A system by Carolus Linnaeus using the ranks of: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Subphylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
What is Taxonomy?
A system of classification of all organisms using binomial nomenclature (Genus and Species).
What is an Ancestor?
An organism / Organisms from which other groups of organisms are descended.
What is Morphology?
The branch of biology that deals with the structure (/form) of organisms
What is Anatomy?
The branch of biology that deals with structure and form including internal systems (not function)
What is Physiology?
The branch of biology that deals with the physical and chemical functions including internal processes (structure/shape/function)
What is the Phylogenetic Tree?
The phylogenetic tree shows the evolutionary relationships between different species
What are the three domains?
Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya (Eukaryote)
What are prokaryotic cells?
No membrane-bound nucleus with simple internal cell structure, usually smaller.
What are eukaryotic cells?
Cells with membrane-bound nucleus and complex internal cell structures. Usually larger up to 1000x.
What are the 6 different kingdoms?
Animalia, Plantae, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, Fungi
What are the three important ways of studying biodiversity?
Genetic Diversity, Species Diversity, Ecosystem Diversity
What is a virus?
It is a non (not considered truly) -living organism that cannot create its own energy or reproduce on its own, requiring a host cell to replicate and is otherwise dormant.
What are the two lifestyles of viruses?
Lytic Cycle, Lysogenic Cycle
What are species?
Groups of organisms that are related in some way.
Morphological Species Concept
Organisms that share similar morphology. Advantage-simplicity. Disadvantage-challenge deciding differences
Biological Species Concept
Organisms that are able to interbreed and create viable offspring. Advantage- focuses characteristics + interbreed ability. Disadvantage- cannot always be applied
Phylogenetic Species Concept
Relatedness of organisms based upon DNA. Advantage- can be applied to extinct species, more in-depth. Disadvantage- not known for all species
Define Phylogeny
The evolution or ancestors of an organism.
