Part B Review Flashcards
What are the similarities and differences between the Eubacteria, Archaebacteria, and Protista Kingdoms?
Archaebateria and Eubacteria are prokaryotes, Protista is eukaryote, Archaebacteria and Protista have no true nuclei
Where does diffusion of molecules occur in the respiratory system?
The exchange of gases occurs between the blood and the individual cells or tissues that the oxygen is transferred to, as well as the alveoli which exchange gases with the capillaries.
Where does diffusion of molecules occur in the circulatory system?
Diffusion occurs across the walls of the capillaries.
Where does diffusion of molecules occur in the digestive system?
In the intestines (large and small)
How does sugar get regulated in the body? What are the system(s) and how does it work?
Sugar is taken in from the digestive system (intestines) and is transported through the circulatory system via blood and is then transported to the capillaries where it diffuses out into the cells of the body. Unused glucose is stored in the liver.
Why is amylase and bile important for the body?
Amylase and bile are important because they help with digestion
Carbohydrates
Simple:mono/disaccharides
Complex: polysaccharides
Job:build cell membranes, provide energy. Ex. Glucose, lactose, glycogen
Protein
Made of amino acids. Job: help build+repair tissue, make up enzymes, antibodies. Give structure +support for blood cells, bod tissue, muscle
Fat/Lipids
Glycerol+3 fatty acids. Insoluble in H2O. Job: insulate+cushion, they r the material to build cell membranes, energy storage
Blood pressure
Measured using blood pressure cuff, Systolic pressure is max pressure during ventricle contraction, Diastolic pressure is lowest pressure before contraction
What is adaptation?
Adaptations are the result of a process of gradual accumulative changes that help organisms survive and reproduce.
What are types of adaptation?
Mimicry
What are the variations to adaptation?
Adaptations of structure, behaviour, or physiological process
What are preferred phenotypes?
Mates are chosen based on physical or behavioural traits. (Humans)
What is inbreeding?
Self-fertilization or mating with closely related individuals (creates negative effects- increases homozygous genotypes
