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Dental Boards Review > Respiratory Diseases > Flashcards

Respiratory Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What are some respiratory diseases?

A 
Pneumonia
Tuberculosis
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Bonchiectasis
Atelectiasis
Asthma
Pneumoconioses
Cystic fibrosis
Respiratory Acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
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2
Q

Which lung more common affected by pneumonia?

A

Right lung

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3
Q

Common reason why right lung is prone to pneumonia

A

Anatomy of primary bronchu

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4
Q

Sign and symptoms of Pneumonia

A 
High grade fever of 105F  and above
cough with mucus
chills
feeling tired
low appetite 
dyspnea
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5
Q

Types of Pneumonia

A 
Lobar
Bronchopneumonia
Community-acquired pneumonia
Hospital-acquired pneumonia
Atypical pneumonia
HIV/AIDS-related pneumonia
Viral pneumonia
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6
Q

type of pneumonia in which the infection may spread through entire lobe

A

Lobar pneumonia

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7
Q

Causative agent of lobar pneumonia

A

Strep pneumonia

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8
Q

type of pneumonia in which the infection may spread through distal airways, extending from the bronchioles and alveoli

A

Bronchopneumonia

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9
Q

causative agent og bronchopneumonia

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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10
Q

causative agent for Community-acuired pneumonia

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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11
Q

causative agent for Hospital acquired pneumonia

A

Staphylococcus aureus

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12
Q

causative agent for atypical pneumonia?

A

mycoplasma pneumonia

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13
Q

causative agent for HIV/AIDS RELATED PNEUMONIA

A

Pneumocystis carinii (oppurtunistic)

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14
Q

medication for HIV/AIDS

A

Pentamidine and cotrimaxole

stop taking if 800 CD4 or more is achieved

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15
Q

what causes viral pneumonia

A

It results to interstitial pulmonary inflammation

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16
Q

Diseases caught in a hospital setting is called

A

Nosocomial

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17
Q

HIV virus left untreated will result to?

A

AIDS

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18
Q

normal CD 4 amount in the body

A

800 to 1200

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19
Q

CD 4 amount indicating HIV

A

CD 4 below 200

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20
Q

smallest bacteria

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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21
Q

Sputum test resulting to a RUSTY(reddish brown) sputum indicates

A

Streptococcus pneumonia

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22
Q

Sputum test resulting to a Yellow/ Green sputum indicates

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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23
Q

Sputum test resulting to a jelly-type sputum indicates

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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24
Q

Number 1 causative agent that causes pneumonia in alcoholic patient

A

Klebsiella pneumonia

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25
Q

Respiratory disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis which infects the MACROPHAGES o the lungs

A

Tuberculosis

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26
Q

TB in lungs is commonly located at what portion of the lung?

A

Base of the lung

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27
Q

Sign ans symptom of TB

A 
Fever
Cough that lasts for more than 3 weeks
cough with blood
chest pain
Weight loss
Fatigue
Night sweats
Chills
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28
Q

Radiographic findings of TB

A

Coin lesion : Ghon’s complex, Ghon’s focus

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29
Q

Primary coin lesion in children with TB is called?

A

Ghon’s complex

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30
Q

Primary coin lesion in adult with TB is called?

A

Ghon’s focus

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31
Q

Histologic finding in patient with TB

A

Langhan cells (multinucleated giant cells)

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32
Q

TB lesion that can metastasize via HEMATOLOGIC route affects what organs?

A

BONE
SKIN
ORAL CAVITY
DISTANT ORGANS

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33
Q

TB in bone

A

Pott’s disease

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34
Q

TB in bone specifically affects?

A

SPINE

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35
Q

TB in SKIN

A

Lupus vulgaris

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36
Q

TB in oral cavity

A

Scrofula

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37
Q

TB in oral cavity affects what oral structure?

A

TONGUE

38
Q

Highest peak of TB with fever occurs?

A

EVENING

39
Q

TB in distant organs such as liver, kidney, pancreas

A

Miliary tb

40
Q

Deadliest type of tb

A

Miliary tb

41
Q

Treatment of TB

A 
Rifampin
Isoniazid
Pyrazinamide
Ethambutol
Streptomycin
42
Q

TB drug with an adverse effect of red-orange color urine

A

Rifampin

43
Q

TB drug with an adverse effect of memoryy loss and hepatotoxic

A

Isoniazid

44
Q

TB drug with an adverse effect of increasing Uric acid

A

Pyrazinamide

45
Q

TB drug with an adverse effect of eye problems and nephrototoxic

A

Ethambutol

46
Q

TB drug with an adverse effect of ototoxic effect

A

Streptomycin

47
Q

Least given drug of for TB

A

Streptomycin

48
Q

Streptomycin affects what cranial nerves?

A

CN VIII

49
Q

Reason why Streptomycin is east given for tb

A

Causes more adverse effect

50
Q

Barrel chested respiratory disease

A

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease COPD

51
Q

COPD caused by narrowing and obstruction of respiratory airways.

A

Chronic bronchitis

52
Q

Also known as blue bloater

A

Chronic bronchitis

53
Q

COPD that may lead to thickening of alveolar walls and hemosiderosis

A

Chronic bronchitis

54
Q

The most severe complication f Chronic bronchitis

A

Malignant transforamation

55
Q

Common cancer in the lung

A

Bronchogenic carcinoma

56
Q

COPD caused by smoking

A

Pulmonary emphysema

57
Q

Pulmonary emphysema is also known as?

A

PINK PUFFER

58
Q

What causes congenital emphysema?

A

Decreased alpha-1 anti-trypsin

59
Q

PE that affects bronchioles of the upper lobes of the lungs

A

Centrilobular

60
Q

PE that affects bronchioles of the entire lungs

A

PANACINAR

61
Q

Dysphonia sign

A

cancer of the larynx

62
Q

Pumonary emphysema when left untreated leads to?

A

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)

63
Q

Respiratory diseases caused by permanent dilataion of bronchi caused by chronic lung infection.

A

BRONCHIECTASIS

64
Q

Sign and symptom of Bronchiectasis

A

Hemoptysis

Productive cough with foul odor

65
Q

Hemoptysis is present in?

A 
Bronchitis
TB
Pneumonia
Bronchogenic carcinoma
Idiopathic carcinoma
66
Q

Respiratory disease due to collapsed of alveoli due to lack of surfactants

A

Atelectiasis

67
Q

Respiratory disease caused by narrowing of the airways of the lungs

A

ASTHMA

68
Q

Best time of treatment in asthmatic patient

A

Afternoon

69
Q

Asthma due to pollens and dust

A

Extrinsic asthma

70
Q

Asthma due to stress

A

Intrinsic asthma

71
Q

Drug for intrinsic asthma

A

Steroids

72
Q

environmentally related to lung diseases that result from chronic inhalation of various substance

A

Pneumoconioses

73
Q

Inhalation of silica dust leads to?

A

Silicosis

74
Q

Inhalation of asbestos dust leads to?

A

Asbestosis

75
Q

Inhalation of coal dust leads to?

A

Anthracosis

76
Q

Inhalation of cotton dust leads to?

A

Byssinosis

77
Q

Inhalation of sugar cane dust leads to?

A

Bagassosis

78
Q

Inhalation of tin oxide dust leads to?

A

Stannosis

79
Q

Which of the following pneumoconiosis can lead to cancer?

A

Asbestosis > bronchiogenic carcinoma

80
Q

Which of the following pneumoconiosis can lead to TB?

A

Silicosis

81
Q

Respiratory disease where there is abnormal accumulation of CHLORIDE and chromosome 7

A

Cystic fibrosis

82
Q

Cystic firbosis left untreated will lead to?

A

Pneumonia

83
Q

Etiology of Respiratory ACIDOSIS

A 
COPD
ASTHMA
SEVERE PNEUMONIA
CNS DEPRESSION
ACUTE AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION
PNEUMOTHORAX
84
Q

Clinical manifestation of Respiratory ACIDOSIS

A 
Hypoxia
Confusion
Anxiety
Psychoses
Seizure
85
Q

Etiology of respiratory ALKALOSIS

A

Anxiety
Hypoxia
Pregnancy
sepsis

86
Q

Clinical manifestation of Respiratory alkalosis

A

Dizziness
Perioral paresthesia
hypotension
coma

87
Q

Level of ions in Respiratory acidosis

A

Increased hydrogen
Increase bicarbonate
Increased carbon dioxide

88
Q

Level of ions in Respiratory alkalosis

A

Decreased hydrogen
decrease bicarbonate
decreased carbon dioxide

89
Q

Level of ions in Metabolic acidosis

A

Increased hydrogen
decreased bicarbonate
decreased carbon dioxide

90
Q

Level of ions in metabolic alkalosis

A

decreased hydrogen
increased bicarbonate
increased carbon dioxide

Dental Boards Review (34 decks)

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