Gastrointestinal and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Question 1

What is a syndrome?

Answer 1

Collection of disease

Question 2

any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms

Answer 2

Disease

Question 3

autoimmune disease of the salivary, lacrimal glands, and synovial membrane

Answer 3

Sjogren syndrome

Question 4

Sjogren triad

Answer 4

Xerostomia
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca
Rheumatoid arthritis

Question 5

Other name of sjogren syndrome

Answer 5

Sicca syndrome

Question 6

Cell responsible for an autoimmune disease

Answer 6

T-cell

Question 7

Main cause of an autoimmune disease

Answer 7

Stress

Question 8

Organs affected in sicca syndrome

Answer 8

Salivary gland
Eyes
Joint

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of Reiter’s syndrome?

Answer 9

Arthritis
Conjunctivitis
Urethritis

Question 10

What are the signs and symptoms of Mikulicz syndrome?

Answer 10

Conjunctivitis

Xerostomia

Question 11

Difference between Reiter’s and Sicca syndrome?

Answer 11

Sicca affects: Eyes, Joints, Salivary gland while

Reiter’s affects: Eyes, Joints and Urethra

Question 12

True or false: Sjogren’s syndrome is also associated with mikulicz syndrome.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Syndromes associated with sicca syndrome

Answer 13

Reiter’s syndrome

Mikulicz syndrome

Question 14

A benign tumor of the PAROTID GLAND

Answer 14

Warthin’s tumor

Question 15

Other name of warthin’s tumor

Answer 15

Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum

Question 16

Major salivary gland common to diseases

Answer 16

Parotid gland

Question 17

Most common salivary gland tumor

Answer 17

Mixed tumor

Question 18

Other name of mixed tumor

Answer 18

Pleomorphic adenoma

Question 19

most common malignancy of major salivary glands

Answer 19

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma

Question 20

most common malignancy of minor salivary gland

Answer 20

Adenoid cystic carcinoma

Question 21

Histologic feature of adenoid cystic carcinoma

Answer 21

Cheese-like

Question 22

Characterized by lacerations of the esophagus

Answer 22

Mallory-weiss syndrome

Question 23

Manifestation of mallory-weiss syndrome

Answer 23

Melena

Question 24

Black stool in the blood is due to?

Answer 24

Degradation of blood by acid

Question 25

Bleeding below the stomach would manifest?

Answer 25

Hematochezia

Question 26

Melena- | hematochezia-

Answer 26

Melena- black stool | Hematochezia- red stool

Question 27

T/F: Melena and Hematochezia solidifies together with stool

Answer 27

False- does not solidify

Question 28

syndrome where there is ruptured esophagus that causes massive GI hemorrhage

Answer 28

Boerhaave syndrome

Question 29

Sign and symptoms of boerhaave syndrome

Answer 29

Sever vomiting | Straining

Question 30

A reflux of acid content due to histamine released of the stomach.

Answer 30

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

Question 31

GERD is always associated with?

Answer 31

Barrett's esophagus

Question 32

Barrette's esophagus is what type of cellular adaptation?

Answer 32

Metaplasia

Question 33

Change of epithelial cells in barrett's esophagus

Answer 33

Squamous to columnar

Question 34

Barrett's esophagus left untreated leads to?

Answer 34

Adenocarcinoma

Question 35

Oral manifestation of GERD

Answer 35

Erosion on the lingual surface of the molars

Question 36

Drugs for GERD

Answer 36

Antihistamine (H2 BLOCKER, cimetidine) Antacids Proton-pump inihibitor

Question 37

Complication of Barrett's esophagus

Answer 37

Hemorrhage Stricture Adenocarcinoma Ulcerations

Question 38

Most sever complication of barrett's esophagus

Answer 38

Adenocarcinoma

Question 39

Erosion on the lingual of incisors

Answer 39

Bulimia nervosa

Question 40

caused by early activation of pancreatic enzyme resulting in auto-digestion

Answer 40

Acute pancreatitis

Question 41

Acute pancreatitis undergoes what type of necrosis?

Answer 41

Enzymatic fat necrosis

Question 42

Blood test result of Acute pancreatitis

Answer 42

Increased serum amylase and lipase | Decreased calcium

Question 43

Enzyme that dominates in acute pancreatitis

Answer 43

Lipase

Question 44

It is characterized by yellowness of tissues due to excess serum Bilirubin in the blood.

Answer 44

Jaundice

Question 45

Other name for Jaundice

Answer 45

Icterus

Question 46

Jaundice in brain

Answer 46

Kernicterus

Question 47

Specific art of brain where jaundice occurs

Answer 47

Basal ganglia o brain

Question 48

True or false. Bilirubin crosses the placenta

Answer 48

True

Question 49

Jaundice in newborn affects?

Answer 49

Brain

Question 50

Causes of jaundice

Answer 50

Hepatocellular Hemolytic Obstructive Pancreatic carcinoma

Question 51

Bilirubin conjugate with what element of blood

Answer 51

RBC

Question 52

Other name of hemolytic in jaundice

Answer 52

Hemolytic anemia

Question 53

Other name of obstructive jaundie

Answer 53

Cholelith

Question 54

gives pigment to bruises

Answer 54

Biliverdin

Question 55

a pigment accumulation in kupffer cell which is a sign of liver injury.

Answer 55

CEROID

Question 56

It is characterized by excessive scarring and nodule formation

Answer 56

cirrhosis

Question 57

Causes of cirrhosis

Answer 57

``` Alcoholism Viral hepatitis Hemochromatosis Wilson's disease Dubin-johnson's disease ```

Question 58

Most common cause of cirrhosis

Answer 58

aLcoholism

Question 59

Liver cirrhosis due to excessive iron in the liver

Answer 59

Hematochromatosis

Question 60

Liver cirrhosis due to excessive copper in the liver

Answer 60

Wilson's disease

Question 61

pathognomonic sign of wilson's disease

Answer 61

Keyser-fleischer ring

Question 62

Keyser-fleischer ring

Answer 62

Borderof the iris is color green due to excess copper

Question 63

Liver cirrhosis due to excessive melanin

Answer 63

Dubin-johnson's disease

Question 64

Other name for Dubin-johnson's disease

Answer 64

Black liver disease

Question 65

Blood tests needed for cirrhosis

Answer 65

Increased AST or SGOT | Increased ALT or SGPT

Question 66

AST stands for? | ALT stands for?

Answer 66

aspartate trans-aminoferase | alanine trans-aminoferase

Question 67

SGOT stands for? | SGPT stands for?

Answer 67

Serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminoferase | Serum glutamate pyruvate transaminoferase

Question 68

Most common viral hepatitis

Answer 68

Hepatitis A

Question 69

Route of transmission of Hepatitis a

Answer 69

Oral-fecal/ oral-anal | GI tract

Question 70

Causative agent for Hepatitis A

Answer 70

Picornavirus

Question 71

Most common blood-borne

Answer 71

Hep B

Question 72

Causative agent for Hep B

Answer 72

Hepadnavirus

Question 73

Sterlization process that could kill Hep B

Answer 73

Moist-heat

Question 74

Duration of Medication for Hep B

Answer 74

Lifetime intake

Question 75

Most difficult virus to eradicate

Answer 75

Hepadnavirus

Question 76

most common hepatitis in blood transfusion

Answer 76

Hep C

Question 77

causative agent for Hep C

Answer 77

Flavivirus

Question 78

Most difficult to diagnose Hepatitis

Answer 78

Hepatitis C

Question 79

Hepatitis with slowest progress

Answer 79

Hepatitis C

Question 80

Every hepatitis have a vaccine except?

Answer 80

Hepatitis C

Question 81

Recurrent of HepB

Answer 81

Hepatitis D

Question 82

Hepatitis associatedwith ACUTE LIVER FAILURE

Answer 82

Hepatitis E

Question 83

Sterilizing agent used in the hospital to eliminate Hep B

Answer 83

Sodium hypochlorite

Question 84

Causative agent for Hep D

Answer 84

Deltavirus

Question 85

Causative agent for Hep E

Answer 85

Calicivirus

Question 86

the marker of Hepa B

Answer 86

HbSAg

Question 87

Indications that the virus is multiplying in the body

Answer 87

HbEAg and HbSAg

Question 88

Carrier of Hep B

Answer 88

HbSAg and anti-HbSAg

Question 89

Indicates chronic hepatitis and patient is contraindicated for blood transfusion

Answer 89

HbCAg

Question 90

An autosomal dominant characterized by dark, freckle-like spots that appear on the skin, lips and oral mucosa.

Answer 90

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Question 91

Other name for peutz jeghers syndrome

Answer 91

Hereditary Intestinal Polyposis Syndrome

Question 92

What is a polyp?

Answer 92

Inflamed blood vessel

Question 93

Autosomal means?

Answer 93

Affects the 1st to 22nd paired chromosome

Question 94

X-linked means?

Answer 94

Affects the 23rd paired chromosome

Question 95

Requires both genes of the parents to affect the child

Answer 95

Recessive

Question 96

Requires at leastone gene to affect the child

Answer 96

Dominant

Question 97

A chronic inflammatory bowel disease that results to cobblestone appearance

Answer 97

Chron's disease

Question 98

A congenital disease that affects COLON

Answer 98

Hirschprung's disease

Question 99

An autoimmune disease that results to intolerance of gluten proteins present in wheat, barley and rye.

Answer 99

Celiac disease

Question 100

An autoimmune disease affecting children that results to intolerance of gluten proteins present in wheat, barley and rye.

Answer 100

Gee-herter's disease

Question 101

Oral manifestation of Celiac disease

Answer 101

Glossitis