Musculo-Skeletal Diseases Flashcards
Diseased where there is decreased in bone mass due to a change in serum calcium or phosphorus or Vitamin D anddecreased estrogen.
Osteoporosis
This is the most common cause of fracture in patients older than 60 years old.
Osteoporosis
Disease where there is increased in bone mass chracterized by a failure of osteoclast to resorb the bone
Osteopetrosis
Radiographic appearance of Osteopetrosis
Ground-glass
Disease that results in failure of new bone to mineralize.
Vitamin D deficiency
Causes of vitamin D deficiency
Decreased dietary phosphate intake
Malabsorption of fats
Decreased sunlight exposure
Kidney failure
Vitamin D deficiency in children
RICKETS
Pathognomonic/ radiographic sign of rickets
Rachitic rosary or Pectus carinatum or pigeon chest
Oral manifestation of rickets
Delayed in eruption and abdnormal dentin
Vitamin deficiency in adult who are 50 years old and above
Osteomalacia
Disease caused by defective formation of collagen I
Osteogenesis imperfecta
Oral manifestation of Oesteogenesis imperfecta
Dentinogenesis imperfecta I
Pathognomonic sign of osteogenesis imperfecta
Blue sclera
Reason for a blue sclera in OI
Lack of collagen type I causing reflection of the back of the eye to appear
Disease characterized by abnormal bone remodeling leading to distortion of bone architecture and cancer of the bone.
Paget’s disease
Disease common to blindness and deafness and px complains of “I CAN’T WEAR MY HAT”
Paget’s disease
Primary disease of Paget’s disease
Leontiassis ossea
Laboratory finding in Paget’s disease
Increased serum alkaline phosphatase
Increased serum acid phosphatase
prostate cancer
Radiographic appearance of Paget’s disease
Cotton wool appearance
Histologic appearance of Paget’s disease
Jigsaw-puzzle appearance
Mossaic pattern
cancer of the bone
Osteosarcoma
Systemic condition that requires annual relining of denture base
Paget’s disease
Bone (head to toe) most commonly affected by Paget
Pelvis
Spine
Bone in the head and neck most commonly affected by Paget’s
Maxilla
Inflammation process of the entire bone, including the cortex and the periosteum recognizing that the pathological process is rarely confined to endosteum
Osteomyelitis
Causative agent of osteomyelitis
S. aureus
Best antibiotic highly concentrated in bone than in serum
Clindamycin
Treatment for Osteomyelitis
Clindamycin
Types of Osetomyelitis
Acute suppurative osteomyelitis Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis Garre's chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis
A serious sequela of periapical infection that results in diffuse spread of injection
Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Cause of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Dental infection
Radiographic appearance of of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Moth-eaten
Histologic finding of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Sequestra
Tx of Acute suppurative osteomyelitis
Clindamycin
If Acute suppurative osteomyelitis is left untreated
Chronic suppurative osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis occurs due to unusual reaction of bone to infection
Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis
Other name of Chronic focal sclerosing osteomyelitis
Condensing osteitis
In contrast to focal type, this disease may occur at any age group and no gender predilection
Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis
Radiographic appearance of Chronic diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis
Cotton wool
There is a focal gross thickening of the periosteum with peripheral reactive bone formation resulting from mild reaction or infection
Garre’s chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis
Formation of new bone
Involucrum
Radiographic appearnce of Garre’s chronic non-suppurative sclerosing osteitis
Onion peel
A rare form of osteomyelitis
Brodie’s abscess
It involves subacute or chronic infection of the bone with development of a localized abscess within the metaphysis of long bones
Brodie’s abscess
Brodie’s abscess is found in?
Osteomyelitis
It is caused by replacement of normal bone with an irregular bone containing fibrous connective tissue
Fibrous dysplasia
Bone with fibrous dysplasia is (brittle, elastic)
Elastic
Radiographic appearance of fibrous dysplasia
ground glass
Pathognomonic sign of fibrous dysplasia
hockey-stick deformity
Other diseases with ground glass appearance
Hyperparathyroidism
Osteopetrosis
fibrous dysplasia
Bone commonly affected with fibrous dysplasia
Tibia
Histologic feature if fibrous dysplasia
Chinese-character
What 2 diseases of bone predispose to osteosarcoma
Paget’s disease
Fibrous dysplasia
Most common fibrous dysplasia that affects one bone
Monostotic
Type of fibrous dysplasia that affects multiple bone
Polyostotic
2 types of polyostotic fibrous dysplasia
McCune-Albright syndrome
Jaffe-Lichenstein syndrome
Fibrous dysplasia affecting multiple bones with endocrine disorders
McCune-Albright syndrome
Polyostotic fibrous dysplasia that affects multiple bones only
Jaffe-Lichenstein syndrome
Pathognomonic sign of McCune-Albright syndrome
Cafe-au-lait spots
Cafe-au-lait in the iris
Lisch spot
Cae-au-lait in the axilla
Crows’s sign
diameter of cafe-au-lait spots
> 1.6 cm in diameter
Group of diseases that are caused by the proliferation of langerhan’s cell
Langerhancell granulomatosis
Other name for Langerhancell granulomatosis
Histiocytosis X
Type of histiocytosis X defined as an acute disseminated form that is fatal in infants.
Letterer-siwe disease
Signs and symptoms of Langerhancell granulomatosis
Rash Fever Hemorrhage Splenomegaly Lymphadenopathy
Type of histiocytosis X defined as a chronic,disseminated form.
Hand-schuller-christian disease
Triad of Hand-schuller-christian disease
Bone lesion
Exophthalmos
Diabetes insipidus
Histologic finding of Hand-schuller-christian disease
Birebeck granules
Radiographic appearance of Hand-schuller-christian disease
Multiple punched out
Type of histiocytosis X that is localized and is the least severe form.
Eosinophilic granuloma
Oral manifestation of eosinophilic granuloma
Tooth mobility
periodontitis
Swelling of lymphnodes with pain
Lymphadenopathy
The most common true primary bone tumor
Osteosarcoma
Radiographic appearance of oseteosarcoma
Codman’s triangle
Sun-burst
Histologic finding of osteosarcoma
Touton giant cells
Treatment of osteosarcoma
Amputation
Osteosarcoma metastasize in?
Lungs
Osteosarcoma affects what true primary bone?
Long bones
Most common bone affected with osteosarcoma
Femur
True/False. Osteosarcoma does not recur
False
The most common cancer of the bone in children
Metastatic carcinoma
Most common carcinoma in oral cavity
SCC
Number one metastatic site of carcinoma
Bone
Most common site of carcinoma in the head and neck
Angle of mandible
Cancer that affects long bones, cartilage, and nerves
Ewing’s sarcoma
Other name of ewing’s sarcoma
Round cell myeloma
Radiographic appearnceof Ewing’s sarcoma
Onion skin
Moth-eaten
Other diseases with moth-eaten appearance
Burkitt’s lymphoma
Osteomyelitis
Disease caused by delayed or abnormal growth of cartilage.
Achrondroplasia
Oral manifestation of achondroplasia
Mandibular prognathism or Class III
Small maxilla in achondroplasia is due to?
Deficiency of maxilla due to underdeveloped nasal cartilage
Second most common primary bone tumor
Chondrosarcoma
Radiographic appearance of Chondrosarcoma
Popcorn-calcification
An autoimmune that causes inflammation of the synnovial membrane
Rheumatoid arthritis
The earliest sign of R.A. is
PANNUS formation
What is Pannus?
Inflammed bursa
Most common form of arthritis
Osteoarthritis
Diseae where there is a formation of bony spurs(osteophyte) at the margins.
Osteoarthritis
Oher name for asteoarthritis
Wear and Tear
Osteoarthritis that affects the proximal joint
Bouchard osteophyte
Osteoarthritis that affects the distal joint
Heberden osteophyte
An autoimmune disease caused by autoantibodies to acetylcholine receptors
Myasthenia gravis
Treatment of myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine
Pyridostigmine
