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Dental Boards Review > Accessory of GI Tract > Flashcards

Accessory of GI Tract Flashcards

1
Q

The largest inernal organ with 8 segments.

A

LIVER

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2
Q

The most versatile cell in liver

A

HEPATOCYTE

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3
Q

Liver stores what ions

A 
Iron
Copper
GLUCOSE
FATS
Vitamin A
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4
Q

Storage form of Iron

A

Ferritin

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5
Q

transfer of ferritin from liverto blood via

A

Transferrin

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6
Q

form of iron that binds to hemoglobin to carry oxygen

A

Ferrous

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7
Q

form of iron that binds to hemoglobin but cannot carry oxygen

A

ferric

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8
Q

Mineral that synthesizes of hemoglobin

A

COPPER

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9
Q

Vitamin A (retinol) is for?

A

essential for collagen formation (tooth)

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10
Q

Storage form of Vitamin A

A

Retinyl esters

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11
Q

Part of the liver which is the discontinued endothelial lining with capillaries in between which forms the SPACE OF DISSE

A

SINUSOIDAL

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12
Q

Sinusoidal cell in liver that produces TRIGYLCERIDES

A

Lipocyte

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13
Q

Sinusoidal cell in liver that stores FATS and Vitamin A (retinol)

A

Ito cell

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14
Q

Litorialcell is found?

A

Sinusoidal part of liver

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15
Q

Part of liver that is found in Lesser omentum ligament

A

Portal triad

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16
Q

Other name for lesser omentum ligament

A

Gastrohepatic

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17
Q

Portal triad contains?

A

Hepatic artety
Portal vein
Bile duct

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18
Q

Ligament in liver that connects to the anterior abdominal wall

A

Falciform

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19
Q

Ligament in liver that connects to the 1st part of duodenum

A

Hepatoduodenal

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20
Q

Ligament in liver that connects to the stomach and 1st part of duodenum

A

Gastrohepatic

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21
Q

Ligament in liver that is the remnant of umbilical vein

A

Ligamentum teres

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22
Q

This process involves hydrolysis of Arginosuccinate

A

Urea cycle

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23
Q

The most abundant component of urine.

24
Q

Degraded carbohydrates enters what cycle?

A

Urea cycle

25
Q

Gluconeogenesis involves what enzyme?

A

glucose-6-phophatase

26
Q

Cholesterol synthesis involves what enzyme?

A

Acetyl-coA

27
Q

Other name for cholesterol synthesis

A

Mevalonate pathway

28
Q

Pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) involves what enzyme?

A

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

29
Q

Albumin synthesis is for?

A

bloodplasma

30
Q

Other use of albumin

A

binding site of a drug

31
Q

end product of PPP

A

Glucose in liver

32
Q

Bile is produced in?

A

bile canaliculi in Liver

33
Q

True or false. Albumin is a complex protein.

A

False- simple

34
Q

Decreased albumin would result to?

35
Q

Other cause of edema aside from decreased albumin

A

Increase capillary permeability

36
Q

A greenish yellow secretion to aid in digestion of FATS in the duodenum.

37
Q

Other name for bile

38
Q

Bile will be released by what mediator?

39
Q

Bile is stored?

A

Gallbladder

40
Q

composition of bile

A

Bile acids and salts
cholesterol
bile pigments

41
Q

bile acids and salts are formed by?

A

Tholic acid conjugated with glycine and taurine

42
Q

composition in bile that is essential for absorption of fats in the intestine

A

Cholesterol

43
Q

Other name for cholesterol in bile

44
Q

substances from the HEME when old RBC are digested

A

Bile pigment

45
Q

Bile pigment in liver

46
Q

A small sac underneath the liver that branches from the Common hepatic duct

A

Gallbladder

47
Q

Gallbladder is lined with?

A

Simple columnar epithelium

48
Q

Function of gallbladder

A

Stores bile

49
Q

Pathways of bile

A

Hepatic bile ducts > common hepatic duct > gallbladder > cystic duct > common bile duct (Sphicnter of Boyden) > pancreatic duct (sphincter of Oddi) > ampulla of vater > duodenum

50
Q

the undulating fold in the cystic duct

A

Spiral valve of heister

51
Q

small bile duct found in the conncetive tissue

A

Glands of luschka

52
Q

the out pouching muscle layer in gallbladder

A

Rokitansky-aschoff

53
Q

Spiral valve of heister is found?

A

gallbladder

54
Q

Glands of luschka is found?

A

gallbladder

55
Q

Rokitansky-aschoff is found?

A

Gallbladder

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