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Dental Boards Review > Nervous System diseases-Hypersensitivity > Flashcards

Nervous System diseases-Hypersensitivity Flashcards

1
Q

Form of headache and is the primary disorder of the brain caused by dysfunction of brainstem papthway.

A

Migraine

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2
Q

Cause of migraine

A

Stress

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3
Q

The most common demyelinating disease

A

Multiple sclerosis

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4
Q

A demyelinating disease of the CNS due to damage of white mater.

A

Multiple sclerosis

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5
Q

Most common affected nerve in multiple sclerosis

A

CN II

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6
Q

a relative afferent pupillary defect indicating a decreased pupillary response to light in the affected eye

A

marcus-gunn

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7
Q

Multiple sclerosis triad

A

Scanning speech
Intention tremor
Nystagmus

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8
Q

Dancing eyes

A

Nystagmus

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9
Q

A demyelinatingdisease of PNS in which myelin sheath of neurons is damaged

A

Guillain-barren syndrome

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10
Q

Most common complication after parotidectomy due to damaged of auriculotempora nerve

A

Frey syndrome

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11
Q

Other name for Frey syndrome

A

Gustatory sweating

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12
Q

Sign of frey syndrome

A

Sweating while eating on the temporal area

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13
Q

characterized by rapid degeneration of motor neurons in the spinal cord

A

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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14
Q

Pathognomonic sign of Amyotropic Lateral sclerosis

A

Hatchet-Face

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15
Q

Appearance of the face in anxiety reaction

A

Hatchet-face

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16
Q

The most common cause of dementia due to degeneration of neurons in the brain.

A

Alzheimer’s disease

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17
Q

The most common affected part of the brain in alzhaimer’s disease is

A

Hippocampus

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18
Q

Characterized by degeneration of neurons in the basal ganglia leading to deficiency in dopamine in CNS

A

Parkinson’s disease

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19
Q

Histologic finding in Parkinson’s disease

A

Lewy bodies in substancia nigra

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20
Q

Treatment of Parkinson’s disease

A

L-dopa with carbidopa

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21
Q

Complication in taking medicines for Parkinson’s disease

A

Schizophrenia

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22
Q

Disease that cuases dementia characterized by the degeneration of striatal neurons, affecting cortical and basal ganglia function.

A

Huntington’ disease

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23
Q

Disease due to an infacrt of the parts of the brain

A

Stroke

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24
Q

Other name for stroke

A

Cerebral infarction

Cerebrovascular accident

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25
Q

Signs and symptoms of stroke

A

Sudden paralysis and numbness of the body (contralateral)

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26
Q

What is the most common structure involved in stroke?

A

Middle cerebral artery

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27
Q

Other name for middle cerebral artery

A

Lenticulostriae

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28
Q

What is the origin of stroke?

A

Deep vein thrombosis

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29
Q

Types of hypersensitivity reactions

A

Anaphylaxis
Cytotoxic type
Immune-complex
Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity

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30
Q

Mediator of Type1 hypersensitivity

A

IgE

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31
Q

Most common type 1 hypersensitivity

A

Hives

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32
Q

Sign of Hay fever

A

Coryza

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33
Q

Coryza means

A

Runny nose with watery eyes

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34
Q

Types of hypersensitivity 1

A

Hay fever
Asthma
Hives

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35
Q

Other name of Hives

A

Wheals

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36
Q

Mediator of type II hypersensitivity

A

IgG and IgM

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37
Q

Also known as tear drop erythrocyte

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

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38
Q

Blue baby

A

Erythroblastosis fetalis

39
Q

Examples ofTypeII hypersensitivity

A

Autoimmune hemolytic anema
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Lichen planus

40
Q

Mediator of type III hypersensitivity

A

Ag-Ab complex

41
Q

Cell for the Ag-Ab complex

42
Q

Hypersensitivity due to incompatible antigen in the body

A

Arthus reaction

43
Q

Hypersensitivity that develops 1-3 weeks after transfusion of blood

A

Serum sickness

44
Q

Hypersensitivity that gives Butterfly rash

45
Q

Rheumatic fever is what type of hypersensitivity

46
Q

Rheumatic fever affects what organ

A

Heart (all layers)

47
Q

Rheumatic fever is associated with?

A

joint disease

48
Q

It is the defense in our body against parasites, bacteria and fungi.

A

Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity

49
Q

Delayed/cell-mediated hypersensitivity involves what cells?

A

NK cells Macrophages

50
Q

Mediator in type IV hypersensitivity

51
Q

Types of type IV hypersensitivity

A

Tuberculosis
Contact dermatitis
transplant infection
EM

52
Q

Common cause of transplant failure

53
Q

Most common hypersensitivity in emergency room?

A

Type 1 (hives)

54
Q

Most common hypersensitivity in dental practice?

A

Type IV contact dermatitis

55
Q

Positive to tuberculin test indicates what type of hypersensitivity

56
Q

Anemia that affects all blood cells

A

Aplastic anemia

57
Q

Other name for tuberculin test

A

Montoux test

58
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Councilman bodies including hyaline bodies

A

Yellow fever

Viral hepatitis

59
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Negri bodies

60
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Cowdry type-A bodies

A

Yellow fever

Herpes virus

61
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Cowdry type B bodies

A

Adenovirus

Poliovirus

62
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Lewy bodies

A

Parkinson’s disease

63
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Hirano bodies

A

Alzheimer’s disease

64
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Howell-jelly bodies

A

Megaloblastic anemia

Hemolytic anemia

65
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Hectoid bodies

A

Sickle cell anemia

66
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of heinz bodies

A

Thalassemia

67
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Mallory bodies

68
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Psammoma bodies

A

Dystrophic calcification in meningioma

Papillary serous cystadenoma ovary

69
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Lipschutz bodies

A

Herpes simplex infection

70
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Zera bodies

A

Schwann cell degeneration

71
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Creola bodies

72
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Warthin-frinkeldey bodies

73
Q

Diseases with histologic appearance of Zenker’s waxy hyaline masses

A

Typhoind fever

74
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Chvostek sign”

A

Acute hypocalcemia

75
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Trousseau sign”

A

Acute hypocalcemia

76
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Risus sardonicus”

77
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Cullen sign”

A

Pancreatitis

78
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Grey-turner’s sign”

A

Pancreatitis

79
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Kernig sign”

A

Meningitis

80
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Murphy’s sign”

A

Cholecystitis

81
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Levine’s sign”

A

Angina pectoris

Myocardial infarction

82
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Homan’s sign”

A

Thrombophlebitis

83
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Watery-rice stool”

84
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Ribbon-like stool”

A

Hirschsprung’s

85
Q

Disease having pathognomonic sign of “Bloody-mucoid stool”

A

Amoebiasis

86
Q

Tapping of facial nerveelicits abnormal muscle contraction on other side of the face ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Chvostek sign

87
Q

Occlusion of brachial artery induces wrist spasm,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Trousseau sign

88
Q

Sustained spasm of facial muscle,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Risus sardonicus

89
Q

Ecchymosis around umbilicus ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Cullen’s sign

90
Q

Flank ecchymosis ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

grey-turner’s sign

91
Q

Bend hip and knee then when flexing the knee, it produces pain ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Kernig’ssign

92
Q

Hesitation on inspiration if gallbladder is palpated ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Murphy’s sign

93
Q

Clutching of fist on the chest

A

Levine’s sign

94
Q

Bend knee, dorsiflex ankle and pain at popliteal area ,is what pathognomonic sign?

A

Homan’s sign

Dental Boards Review (34 decks)

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