questions Flashcards
what is teh chest pain like in achalasia
retrosternal
achalasia - dysphagia to
liquids > solids
what does crunchy skin mean
surgical emphysema
zollinger ellision
multiple and recurrent ulceres
small bowel obstruction
hyperactive bowel sounds
previous surgery
valvulae conniventes the entire width
hypothyroidism
constipation fatigue and lethargy
pale dry coarse skin
slow relaxing reflex
what can ischaemic colitis progress to
peritonitis
gallstone Ix
US
waht si misoprostol
PGE analogue
what can stimulant laxatives be used for
bowel cleansing
what is the best for suppressing gastric acid production
PPI
what is dysentery
infection of the intestines resulting in severe diarrhoea with the presence of blood and mucus in the faeces.
test for meckels
techentium 99M nuclear scan
what is microcytic anaemia in the elderly presumed to be
colonic cancer - do colonscopy
frail - CT colonography
what is haematoma
post op
small purple lump
if painful, incise and drain
what is a fistula in ano a complication of
perianal abscess
what can fistula in ano cause
chronic discharge
what can a post op adhesion cause
small bowel obstruction
what can air under the diaphragm be caused by
perforated abdominal viscus
how do you treat a volvulus
flatus tube or surgical resection
choangiocarcinoma treatment
palliation - biliary stent
treat - whipples
what does alcohol do it gamma GT
raise it
what does a vitamin K deficiency cause
raised PT time
what is used in hepatic encephalopathy
lactulose to clear gut - it reduces the amount of ammonia released by preventing breakdown of intestinal matter
how is a cholecystectomy performed
laparoscopically
what can statins cause
jaundice
what is gilberts
pre hepatic jaundice - occasional and short lived episodes of jaundice
what ducts are involved in PSC
intra and extra hepatic
what can PSC develop to
cholangiocarcinoma -15%
where are kayler fleisher rings
around the cornea
what is cullens sign seen in
pancreatitis - and grey turner
what can chronic budd chiara cause
ascites
treatment of budd chiara
recnalisation or TIPS
thrombolysis
what does haemacrhomatosis preidspose to
CARCINOMA
can COPD cause metastases
yes
fatty liver Hx
fat, diabetes
what are muoceles
form when gallstone impacted in cystic duct and gallbladder secretes mucous
painless, nausea
what does coeliac cause
diarrhoea and splenic atropy
