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RB Y1 GI > disorders of perianal area > Flashcards

disorders of perianal area Flashcards

1
Q

CF of haemorrhoids

A

painless bleeding
fresh red blood not mixed with stool, on paper often
severe anaemia
no change in bowel habit or weight loss

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2
Q

haemorrhoids - common positions

A

3, 7 and 11 o clock in the lithotomy position

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3
Q

causes of haemorrhoids

A

constipation with prolonged straining

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4
Q

investigations for haemorrhoids

A

PR
rigid sigmoidoscopy
proctoscopy

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5
Q

haemorrhoids - use of flexible sigmoidoscopy

A

patient >50

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6
Q

treatment of haemorrhoids

A

sclerosaiton therapy
rubber band legation
open or stapled haemorrhoiectomy
HALO/THD procedure

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7
Q

what is good about HALO

A

pain free

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8
Q

partial rectal prolapse involves

A

mucosa layers

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9
Q

complete rectal prolapse involves

A

all layers

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10
Q

aetiology of rectal prolapse

A

lax sphincter

prolonged straining

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11
Q

treatment of rectal prolapse

A

bulking agent and education of manual reduction
delormes procedure
perineal or abdominal rectopexy

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12
Q

treatment of incomplete rectal prolapse in children

A

dietary advice and treat constipatin

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13
Q

treatment of incomplete rectal prolapse in adults

A

similar to haemorrhoids

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14
Q

what may multiple anal fissures be due to

A

crohns

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15
Q

anal fissure CF

A

acute severe anal pain following episode of constipation

bright rectal bleeding

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16
Q

how long does pain in anal fissure last after defecation

A

half-hour

17
Q

treatment of anal fissure

A

dietary advice
stool softeners
pharmacological or lateral sphyncterotomy
botox injetion

18
Q

what does pharmacological sphyncterotomy involve

A

GTN or diltiazem ointment PR for 6 weeks

19
Q

fistula in ano complications

A 
pain 
bleeding 
inconstance of flatus or stool 
recurrence 
further surgery
20
Q

fistula in ano investigations

A

endoanal US scan of anorectum
rigid or flexible sigmoidoscopy
Proctoscopy
MRI

21
Q

fistula in ano treatment

A

high fistula - seton suture

low fistula - laid open to heal by secondary intention

RB Y1 GI (54 decks)

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