biochemistry of the liver Flashcards
function of alpha globulins
transport lipoproteins, lipids, hormones and bilirubin
also ceruloplasmin
what type of globulin is retinal binding protein
alpha
what does rental binding protein do
transport vitamin A
converted to retinaldehyde, a visual pigment
what does vitamin A deficiency cause
visual impairment
name two beta globulin
transferrin and fibrinogen
what does transferrin do
transport ferric ion
what is transferring an indicator of
iron deficiency
what is fibronogen an inactive form of
fibrin
most abundant plasma protein
albumin
what is the main determinant of plasma oncotic pressure
albumin
what effect does insulin have on albumin
stimulate production
what is the transport function go albumin
has multiple binding sites for hydrophobic molecules
what endogenous substances does albumin transport
fatty acids
bilirubin
thyroid hormones
what exogenous substances does albumin transport
drugs like aspirin
how is iron transported
ferric ion bound to transferrin
how’s iron stored
in cells bound to ferritin
how is copper transported in the blood
bound to ceruloplasmin
what does ceruloplasmin deficiency cause
wilsons disease - excess copper which accumulates in the liver and brain
are steroid hormones and T3 and T4 thyroid hormones hydrophilic or hydrophobic
hydrophobic
how are hormones transported in the body
bound to specific transport molecules (self explanatory names)
What do the specific transport molecules for hormones do to them
inc their half life and inc plasma concentration (they would be rapidly eliminated from the kidneys or liver without the transport proteins)
what does HMG-CoA reductase catalyse the formation of
mevalonic acid (irreversible)
what effect does fasting have on HMG - Co A reductase
stimulate
most abundant form of vitamin D in the circulatory system
D3
3 places that synthesise steroid hormones
ovary
testes
adrenal cortex
