histology

Question 1

what change in epithelium is there at the gastro-oesophageal junction

Answer 1

stratified squamous of oesophagus to columnar of cardia of stomach

Question 2

what are at the bottom of gastric pits

Answer 2

gastric glands

Question 3

what are gastric pits lined by

Answer 3

surface mucous cells

Question 4

cells of the gastric gland - isthmus

Answer 4

parietal cells

Question 5

cells of the gastric gland - neck

Answer 5

mucous neck cells

Question 6

cells of the gastric gland - base

Answer 6

chief cells, with some parietal and enteroendocrine (neruroendocrine)

Question 7

cardia pits

Answer 7

deep pits that branch into loosely packed tortuous glands

Question 8

body pits

Answer 8

shallow gastric pits with long straight glands

Question 9

pyloric pits

Answer 9

deep gastric pits with branched and coiled gastric glands t higher density than in the cardia.

Question 10

what is special about the muscularis externa of the stomach

Answer 10

contains an extra layer that lies oblique to the longitudinal and circular layers
it is located internal to the circular layer and aids in the churning action of the stomach

Question 11

in the small intestine what is found between the villi

Answer 11

crypt of Lieberkuhn

Question 12

how long is the duodenum

Answer 12

25cm

Question 13

how long is the jejunum

Answer 13

2m

Question 14

how long is the ileum

Answer 14

2.75

Question 15

what glands does the duodenum contain

Answer 15

Brunner

Question 16

what are found at the base of the crypts of Lieberkuhn

Answer 16

paneth cells and stem cells

Question 17

paneth cell function

Answer 17

defensive function and a role in regulating bacterial flora

Question 18

enteroendocrine cell function

Answer 18

produce hormones that contribute tot he controls of secretion and motility e.g. gastrin and CCK

Question 19

what are the enterocytes of the small intestine made of

Answer 19

simple columnar epithelium with brush border

Question 20

what do brunners glands do

Answer 20

in the presence of chyme secret a thin alkaline mucous to neutralise chyme

Question 21

what do the villi in the jejunum haev

Answer 21

plicae circularis

Question 22

what lymphoid tissues are found in the ileum

Answer 22

Peyers patches

Question 23

in the large intestine how is the outer longitudinal muscle found

Answer 23

in 3 stripes called teniae coli

Question 24

what happens to the appendix with age

Answer 24

lymphoid tissue declines

Question 25

what is the anal canal made from

Answer 25

stratified squamous