Pituitary Gland Flashcards
Pituitary is wired how?
2 tissues join, brain and tongue
Up until where can surgeons operate for pituitary tumour?
Carvenous sinus
Gonadotropin releasing hormones causes release of?
FSH and LH
FSH is more important for?
Eggs and sperm
Somatostatin role?
Inhibits growth hormone secretion and others
Dopamine role?
Inhibits prolactin secretion
Corticotrophin releasing hormone causes release of?
Acth
Hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary?
Hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system
What is released into posterior pituitary?
Oxytocin and vasopressin from neuronal cells
Cells within anterior lobe?
Somatotropes - 50%
Lactotropes 10/20%
Corticotropes- 5-10%
Thyrotrophes 5%
Gonadotrophes- 10-15%
Main action of GH on liver to do?
Produce insulin like growth factors , cartilage growth, increase blood glucose, bone and tissue growth
Natures contraceptive?
Prolactin
Areas of adrenal cortex?
Zona glomerulosa- mineralocorticoids
Zona fasciculata- glucocorticoids
Zona reticularis- androgens
Where are posterior pituitary hormones produced?
Cell bodies of neurons in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei
Neurohypophysis?
Median eminence- nerve endings and capillaries
Pars nervous-
ADH role?
Increases permeability of collecting ducts to water, V2
Constricts vascular smooth muscle cells V1
Oxytocin role?
Contracts myoepithelial cells of alveoli and myometrium
Kallman’s syndome?
Gonadal axis abnormalities
Vascular rupture in pituitary is called?
Apoplexy
Panhypopituitarism?
Loss of anterior pituitary hormones
Pituitary tumours?
Prolactinomas 25-40%
Non functioning tumours 10-25%
Micro and macro adenomas
Micro less than 10mm- don’t treat during pregnancy.
Cushings?
Too much cortisol
Pituitary tumour causes?
Bitemporal hemianopia- loss of vision outer half
