Pituitary Gland

Question 1

Pituitary is wired how?

Answer 1

2 tissues join, brain and tongue

Question 2

Up until where can surgeons operate for pituitary tumour?

Answer 2

Carvenous sinus

Question 3

Gonadotropin releasing hormones causes release of?

Answer 3

FSH and LH

Question 4

FSH is more important for?

Answer 4

Eggs and sperm

Question 5

Somatostatin role?

Answer 5

Inhibits growth hormone secretion and others

Question 6

Dopamine role?

Answer 6

Inhibits prolactin secretion

Question 7

Corticotrophin releasing hormone causes release of?

Answer 7

Acth

Question 8

Hormones from hypothalamus to anterior pituitary?

Answer 8

Hypothalamic hypophyseal portal system

Question 9

What is released into posterior pituitary?

Answer 9

Oxytocin and vasopressin from neuronal cells

Question 10

Cells within anterior lobe?

Answer 10

Somatotropes - 50%

Lactotropes 10/20%

Corticotropes- 5-10%

Thyrotrophes 5%

Gonadotrophes- 10-15%

Question 11

Main action of GH on liver to do?

Answer 11

Produce insulin like growth factors , cartilage growth, increase blood glucose, bone and tissue growth

Question 12

Natures contraceptive?

Answer 12

Prolactin

Question 13

Areas of adrenal cortex?

Answer 13

Zona glomerulosa- mineralocorticoids
Zona fasciculata- glucocorticoids
Zona reticularis- androgens

Question 14

Where are posterior pituitary hormones produced?

Answer 14

Cell bodies of neurons in supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei

Question 15

Neurohypophysis?

Answer 15

Median eminence- nerve endings and capillaries

Pars nervous-

Question 16

ADH role?

Answer 16

Increases permeability of collecting ducts to water, V2

Constricts vascular smooth muscle cells V1

Question 17

Oxytocin role?

Answer 17

Contracts myoepithelial cells of alveoli and myometrium

Question 18

Kallman’s syndome?

Answer 18

Gonadal axis abnormalities

Question 19

Vascular rupture in pituitary is called?

Answer 19

Apoplexy

Question 20

Panhypopituitarism?

Answer 20

Loss of anterior pituitary hormones

Question 21

Pituitary tumours?

Answer 21

Prolactinomas 25-40%

Non functioning tumours 10-25%

Question 22

Micro and macro adenomas

Answer 22

Micro less than 10mm- don’t treat during pregnancy.

Question 23

Cushings?

Answer 23

Too much cortisol

Question 24

Pituitary tumour causes?

Answer 24

Bitemporal hemianopia- loss of vision outer half

Question 25

Half life of growth hormone?

Answer 25

6-20 mins