Pelvis 07: Blood Supply, Lymphatics, and Innervation of Pelvic Viscera Flashcards
What are the divisions of the common iliac arteries?
External and internal iliacs
What is the fate of the external iliac arteries
They pass under the inguinal ligament and become the femoral arteries
What are the two main branches of the internal iliacs?
Posterior and anterior trunks
What are the main branches of the posterior trunk of the internal iliac?
Iliolumbar artery, lateral sacral artery, superior gluteal artery
It does not provide viscera
What are the main branches of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac?
Vesical artery, uterine artery, vaginal artery, rectal artery, internal pudendal artery, obturator artery, inferior gluteal artery
What is the blood supply of the uterus and vagina?
Ovarian artery off of the aorta; uterine artery off of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac; vaginal artery off of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac; internal pudendal
What is the blood supply of the upper bladder in males?
Umbilical artery of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac; it splits into the superior vesical artery and vesiculodeferential artery
What is the blood supply of the upper bladder in females?
Superior vesicle artery off of the umbilical artery off of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac
What does the umbilical artery become beyond the superior vesicle artery in females?
Medial umbilical ligament
What is the blood supply of the lower bladder in females?
Urethral artery off of the inferior vesical artery off of the vaginal artery off
What is the blood supply of the lower bladder in males?
Prostatic branches and urethral branches of the inferior vesical artery off of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac
What are the rectal arteries and where do they originate from
Superior: IMA; middle: anterior trunk of internal iliac; inferior: inferior pudendal
What are the arteries of the male perineum?
Internal pudendal artery branches off into inferior rectal, artery of the bulb of the penis, perineal artery, dorsal artery of the penis, deep artery`
What are the arteries of the demale perineum?
Internal pudendal artery branches off into inferior rectal, perineal artery, dorsal and deep arteries of the clitoris
What are the superficial arteries of the male and female perineum?
External pudendal arteries (superficial and deep)
What vessels cross the pelvic diaphragm above the primiformis?
Superior gluteal VANs
What vessels cross the pelvic diaphragm below the primiformis?
Inferior gluteal VANs, pudendal and internal pudendal
All of the pelvic veins follow the same pattern and branches as the arteries with two exceptions. What are they?
Iliolumbar veins drain to the ascending lumbar vein
Umbilical vein becomes ligamentum teres hepatis
What are the three venous plexuses of the pelvis?
Vesical, Internal and external rectal
What is the venous plexus of the pelvis found only in males?
Prostatic plexus
What are the venous plexuses of the pelvis found only in females?
Uterine and vaginal plexuses
Where does the ovarian vein drain to?
Renal vein
Where does the uterine plexus drain to?
Internal iliac vein
Where does the vaginal plexus drain to?
Internal iliac vein
where does the prostatic plexus drain to?
Internal iliac vein and internal vertebral plexus
How does blood supply change at the pectinate line?
Below: only inferior rectal artery and internal pudendal vein
Internal hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids superior to pectinate line, painless
External hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids inferior to pectiante line, painful
What is the lymphatic drainage of the ovaries and testes?
Paraortic nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of most of the pelvic organs?
Internal iliac nodes -> common iliac nodes -> paraortic nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of the rectum?
Upper: inferior mesenteric nodes -> preaortic nodes
Middle and inferior: internal iliac nodes
What is the lymphatic drainage of the anal canal?
Above pectinate line: internal iliac nodes
Below pectinate line: superficial inguinal nodes
What nerve runs to pelvic viscera?
Pelvic splanchnic nerve
What nerves run to the pelvic wall?
Nerve to piriformis and nerve to obturator internus
What spinal cord segments form the nerve to piriformis?
L5-S2
What spinal cord segments form the nerve to the obturator internus?
L5-S1
What nerves run to the pelvic diaphragm?
Branches of S4 and the pudendal nerve
What spinal cord segments form the pudendal nerve?
S2-S4
What nerves run to the perineum?
Pudendal nerve, anococcygeal nerve, branches of S4
What spinal cord segments form the anococcygeal nerve?
S4, S5, and coccyx
What nerves run to the gluteal region?
Superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, nerve to piriformis, nerve to obturator internus, nerve to quadratus femoris, perforating cutaneous nerve
What spinal cord segments form the superior gluteal nerve?
L4-S1
What spinal cord segments form the inferior gluteal nerve?
L5-S2
What spinal cord segments form the nerve to the quadratus femoris?
L5-S1
What spinal cord segments form the perforating cutaneous nerve
S2-S3
What nerves run to the lower limbs?
Sciatic nerve and posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh
What spinal cord segments form the sciatic nerve?
L4-S3
What spinal cord segments form the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh?
S1-S3
