Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Body (Anatomy) > Abdomen 04: Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas > Flashcards

Abdomen 04: Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas Flashcards

1
Q

How does the liver develop?

A

The liver bud develops from hepatic diverticulum of the foregut and grows into venous network of fitelline vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In liver development, what do the capillaries become?

A

Sinusoids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

In liver development, what does the liver bud make?

A

Hepatocytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Gallbladder

A

An organ that stores bile for release; it is found in the midclavicular line with the edge of the rib cage just beneath the right lobe of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Falciform ligament

A

The ligament that runs ventrally between the two lobes of the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bare area of the liver

A

An area of the superior side of the liver where there is no ligament or peritoneum present

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Subphrenic recess

A

A recess between the liver and the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Hepatorenal recess

A

A recess between the liver and the kidney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Portal triad

A

The entrance to the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the components of the portal triad?

A

The proper hepatic artery, the portal vein, and the bile duct

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Caudate lobe

A

A small lobe of the liver that is inferior to the portal triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Quadrate lobe

A

A small lobe of the liver that is superior to the portal triad

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some of the functions of the liver?

A

Produces bile; metabolizes carbs, fats, and proteins; filters blood from intestines; detoxification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What nerves innervate the liver?

A

Anterior vagal trunk and sympathetic and sensory afferents of the celiac plexus (T7-T9)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What arteries supply the liver?

A

Portal hepatic vein and proper hepatic artery

The portal hepatic vein drains blood from the intestines and is filtered in the liver. The liver gets about 50% of its oxygen from the portal hepatic vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Caval system

A

A venous system that drains directly into the inferior vena cava without going through the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Portal system

A

A venous system that drains to the liver to be filtered, and then drained into the inferior vena cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Portal tract

A

A portal vein, portal artery, and bile duct all moving together through the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Bile canalucili

A

Specialized sections of tight junctions that collect bile from the liver

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Disse’s space

A

A specialized space outside of the sinusoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Hepatic stellate cells

A

Cells found in disse’s space that store vitamin and are involved in liver injury response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How does blood and bile travel in the liver?

A

They travel in opposite directions; blood traverls superiorily to the vena cava, while bile travels inferiorally to the bile duct

23
Q

Liver lobule

A

A structural unit of a liver, consisting of multiple hepatic tracts surrounding a single hepatic venule

24
Q

How mant functional segments of the liver are there?

A

8; they do not correlate at all with the lobes

25
Q

What is the passage of bile to the duodenum, assuming that the sphincter is open?

A

Liver -> canaliculus -> Canals of Hering -> bile ductules -> trabecular ducts -> right/left hepatic duct -> common hepatic duct -> bile duct -> duodenum

26
Q

What happens to bile in the bile duct if the sphincter is closed?

A

It is backed up into the cystic duct and into the gallbladder

27
Q

What is the sphincter between the duodenum and the bile duct?

A

Sphincter of Oddi

28
Q

What is the function of the gallbladder?

A

Concentrates and stores bile

29
Q

What nerves innervate the gallbladder?

A

Vagus, sympathetics of T7-T9, afferents of T7-T9, and phrenic nerve

30
Q

What is the epithelium of the gallbladder?

A

Tall, simple columnar epithelium on irregular villi

31
Q

What does ERCP stand for?

A

Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

32
Q

What is ERCP?

A

Inserting a contrast into the duodenum and seeing if it reaches all of the organs through the Sphincter of Oddi

33
Q

Pancreas

A

A secondary retroperitoneal organ located by the stomach

34
Q

What are the anatomical divisions of the pancreas?

A

Head, neck, body, uncinate process, tail

35
Q

What are the functional divisions of the pancreas?

A

Endocrine (mainly in tail) and exocrine

36
Q

What nerves innervate the pancreas?

A

Vagus, sympathetics, afferents of T7-T9 via the celiac plexus

37
Q

Where does the pancreatic duct lead to?

A

It meets the bile duct right before the sphincter of Oddi

38
Q

Ampulla

A

An opening of a duct into the duodenum

39
Q

What is the ampulla that opens the bile duct?

A

Hepatopancreatic ampulla

40
Q

Embryological dorsal duct

A

Consists of the dorsal pancreatic bud and the accessory pancreatic bud

41
Q

Embryological ventral duct

A

Consists of the duct of Wirsung

42
Q

How is the pancrease formed?

A

Dorsal and ventral buds form separately. As the gut tube folds and rotates, the two buds fuse

43
Q

Iselets of Langerhans

A

Sections of endocrine cells in the pancrease

44
Q

What are the four cells types found in the Iselets of Langerhans

A

Alpha, beta, delta, PP

45
Q

Alpha pancreatic cells

A

Secrete glucagon

46
Q

Beta pancreatic cells

A

Secrete insulin

47
Q

Delta pancreatic cells

A

Secrete somatostatin

48
Q

PP Pancreatic cells

A

Secrete pancreatic polypeptide

49
Q

Type 1 Diabetes

A

An autoimmune disorder in which beta cells of the pancreas are destroyed

50
Q

Type 2 Diabetes

A

A disorder in which the body is resistant to the effects of insulin

51
Q

What is everything that is found in the transpyloric plane?

A

L1 vertebral body; tips of the 9th costal cartilage; meddile of the superior and top of ascending duodenum; superior border of pylorus; hili of kidneys; neck of pancreas; origin of superior mesenteric artery; beginning of protal vein; fundus of gall bladder

52
Q

Where is the transpyloric plane

A

Midway between the jugular notch of the sternum and the public symphysis

53
Q

What is the referred pain region of the gallbladder?

A

Right shoulder

54
Q

Is the pancreas retroperitoneal and intraperitoneal?

A

The tail is intraperitoneal; the rest is retroperitoneal

Human Body (Anatomy) (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions