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Human Body (Anatomy) > Pelvis 02: Perineum > Flashcards

Pelvis 02: Perineum Flashcards

1
Q

Colle’s Fascia

A

A deep membranous layer of superficial perineal fascia that is continuous with Scarpa’s fascia from the abdomen and Dartos fascia of the scrotum

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2
Q

What does Colle’s fascia fuse with?

A

Inguinal ligament, ischiopubic rami, back of the perineal membrane

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3
Q

Extravasation

A

A fluid leaving a vessel of some sort

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4
Q

What happens when there is a ruptured membranous urethra?

A

Bloody urine in the subperitoneal space

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5
Q

What happens when there is a ruptured spongy urethra?

A

Bloody urine in the superficial perineal pouch; perineal cleft; and the superficial fascial of the scrotum, penis, and abdomen

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6
Q

What does the genital tubercle become in females?

A

Clitoris

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7
Q

What does the genital tubercle become in males?

A

Penis

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8
Q

What do the labioscrotal swellings become in females?

A

Labia majora

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9
Q

What do the labioscrotal swellings become in males?

A

Scrotum

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10
Q

What do the urogenital folds become in females?

A

Labia minora and the bulbs of vestibule

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11
Q

What do the urogenital folds become in males?

A

Penile urethra and corpus spongiosum

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12
Q

Vulva

A

An oval region of the external female genitalia that consists of the mons pubis and the external genitalia itself

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13
Q

What are the components of the female vulva?

A

Clitoral prepuce, clitoral hood, glans clitoris, frenulum of clitoris, labia majora, labia minora, fourchette

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14
Q

Fourchette

A

The frenulum of the labia minora

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15
Q

Clitoral hood

A

The folds of the vulva just above the glans clitoris

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16
Q

Clitoral prepuce

A

The folds of the skin overlaying all of the body of the clitoris; it includes the clitoral hood

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17
Q

Glans clitoris

A

The main “head” of the clitoris

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18
Q

Frenulum of clitoris

A

The folds of the labia minora as they meet at the clitoris

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19
Q

Urethral orifice

A

The dilation of the urethra at the vulva

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20
Q

Hymen

A

The skin body of the vulva between and around the urethra and the vagina

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21
Q

Intriotus

A

The vaginal orifice of the vulva

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22
Q

Vestibule

A

The open space of the vulva enclosed by the labia minora and floored by the hymen

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23
Q

Skene’s glands

A

Paraurethral glands that open by the urethra and run longitudinally around the distal urethra

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24
Q

Bartholin’s glands

A

Opening of the ducts of the greater vestibule

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25
Q

What is special about the histology of Skene’s glands?

A

There are stains found there that are specific to the male prostate

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26
Q

Perineal body

A

A connective tissue that connects the perineal membrane and the anus

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27
Q

Subcutaneous perineal pouch

A

The space in th urogenital triangle between Colle’s fascia and the perinea membrane

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28
Q

What are the three erectile muscles in the superficial perineal pouch?

A

Ischiocavernosus, bulbospongiosus, superficial transverse perineal

29
Q

Ischiocavernosus muscle

A

A skeletal erectile muscle that lines the crura of the clitoris in females and the corpus cavernosum in males

30
Q

Bulbospongiosus muscle

A

A skeletal erectile muscle that lines the two bulbs of vestibule in females and the corpus spongiosus in males

31
Q

Superficial transverse perineal muscle

A

A skeletal erectile muscle that runs laterally from the perineal body to the ischial spines

32
Q

Bulb of vestibule

A

A sack of erectile tissue that is connected to the glans clitoris

33
Q

Corpus cavernosum

A

A crus of the clitoris

34
Q

Bartholin’s glands

A

A gland that sits at the bottom edge of the bulb of vestibule. It secretes mucus for lubrication during intercourse

35
Q

Is the glans clitoris erectile?

A

Not really

36
Q

Physiologically, how do erections work?

A

Blood fills sinuses that are lined with endothelium, expanding the tissue

37
Q

In females, what are the erectile tissues attached to?

A

They are attached to the interior surface of perineal membrane and to the ischiopubic rami

38
Q

What nerve innervates the female erectile muscles?

A

Motor nerve to the superfiical perineal muscles

39
Q

What are the muscles that form the female deep perineal pouch?

A

External urethral sphincter, deep transverse perineal, compressor urethrae, sphincter urethrovaginalis

40
Q

What nerve innervates the female deep perineal pouch muscles?

A

Branches of the pudendal nerve

41
Q

What are the branches of the pudendal artery?

A

It gives off the inferior rectal artery and the perineal artery. The pudendal terminates by branching into the Artery of the Bulb of Vestibule and the Dorsal and Deep arteries of the clitoris

42
Q

What artery supplies the female erectile tissue?

A

Internal pudendal artery

43
Q

What artery supplies the female superficial tissue?

A

External pudendal artery

44
Q

In the female pelvis, what is the venous passage of the female pelvis from the deep dorsal vein of the clitoris?

A

Deep dorsal vein of the clitoris -> infrapubic aperture -> vesicular venous plexus around the base of the bladder -> internal illiac vein

45
Q

In the female pelvis, what is the venous passage of the female pelvis from the deep clitoral vein?

A

Deep clitoral vein -> internal pudendal artery in ischioanal fossa -> internal illiac vein

46
Q

In the female pelvis, what is the venous passage of the female passage from the external pudendal vein?

A

External pudendal vein -> saphenous vein -> femoral vein -> external illiac vein

47
Q

Glans of the penis

A

The head of the penis

48
Q

Corona of the penis

A

The edge of the head of the penis

49
Q

Frenulum of the glans of the penis

A

The folded tissue at the corona of the penis slightly up into the head

50
Q

Scrotal raphe

A

A cord that runs down the scrotum

51
Q

Penile raphe

A

A cord that runs down the body of the penis

52
Q

Navicular fossa

A

The opening of the urethra at the glans of the penis

53
Q

Prepuce

A

Foreskin of the penis

54
Q

Corpus spongiosum

A

The fusion of the two bulbs of vestibules found in males

55
Q

What are the erectile tissue found in males?

A

Corpus spongiosum (which includes the bulb of the penis, corpus spongiosum penis, glans of penis) and corporal cavernosa

56
Q

How do the male and female erectile tissue compare?

A

They are exactly the same; only difference is the sizes (as well as the positions of the vagina and urethra)

57
Q

What are the muscles found in the male deep perineal pouch?

A

External urethral sphincter, deep transverse perineal muscles

58
Q

What nerve innervates the male deep perineal pouch muscles?

A

Pudendal nerve via the perineal nerve

59
Q

What veins drain the penis?

A

Internal pudendal veins, prostatic plexus, external pudendal veins

60
Q

What are the sets of veins that drain the male external genitalia?

A

1) superficial penis and anterior scrotum to the femoral vein
2) Circumflex vein from the corpora cavernosa
3) bulbar, cavernous, and posterial scrotal veins
4) Pampiniform plexus drains the testes

61
Q

What is the lymphatic drainage of the vulva, penis, and scrotum?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes -> external illiac nodes -> common illiac nodes -> paraortic nodes

62
Q

What is the lymphatis drainage of the testes and ovaries?

A

Directly into the paraortic nodes

63
Q

What is the dermatome of the mons pubis?

A

L1

64
Q

What is the dermatome of phallus?

A

L1

65
Q

What is the dermatome of the posterior scrotum and labia?

A

S4

66
Q

What is the dermatome of the anus?

A

S5

67
Q

What are the main branches of the internal pudendal artery?

A

Inferior rectal, perineal, transverse perineal, artery of the bulb, dorsal artery of the penis/clitoris, deep artery of the penis/clitoris

68
Q

What is the dermatome of the front of the scrotum?

A

S3

69
Q

What is the detmatome of the labia?

A

S3

Human Body (Anatomy) (38 decks)

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