Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Body (Anatomy) > Body Plan 04: Circulatory Systems and Blood > Flashcards

Body Plan 04: Circulatory Systems and Blood Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the circulatory system

A

Thermoregulation; transport of gasses, hormones, and immune system cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where does the circulatory system derive from?

A

Splanchnic mesoderm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three processes for the formation of blood vessels?

A

Vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, Hematopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Vasculogenesis

A

The process of creating blood vessels. Can occur extraembryonically or intraembryonically

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Extraembryonic vasculogenesis

A

Extraembryonic mesoderm cells differentiate into blood vessel endothelium and hematopoietic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where is the first place that vasculogenesis occurs?

A

Yolk sac, extraembryonic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Intraembryonic vasculogenesis

A

Somites and splanchnopleur differentiate into endothelial cells. Hematopoietic stem cells arise from the endothelia in aorta, mesonephros, and gonads

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Angiogenesis

A

Formation of blood vessels from existing blood vessels. Used for development and wound healing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Anastomosis

A

The combining of two existing blood vessels to create a new blood vessel. Used in angiogenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Lymphangiogenesis

A

The formation of the lymphatic system from veins (buds off of vein)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What do vascular endothelium cells recruit to develop the outer layers of the vascular walls?

A

Smooth muscle and pericytes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

From inner to outer, what are the three layers of the circulatory system tubes?

A

Tunica intima, tunica media, adventitia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What organ does not follow the standard cardiovascular model?

A

Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Where does homatopoiesis occur during development?

A

Yolk sac in week 3; umbellical vessel in first trimester, spleen and liver in second trimester; bone marrow in third trimester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bone Marrow

A

Tissue that is responsbile for erythrocyte production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Red bone marrow

A

Active bone marrow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Yellow bone marrow

A

Fatty (inactive) bone marrow

18
Q

“One-for-me, one-for-you”

A

Hemateopoietic stem cell replication: one HSC and one differentiated cell

19
Q

What level of potency are HSCs?

A

Multipotent

20
Q

What are the contents of blood

A

Erythorcytes, leukocytes, thrombocytes, plasma

21
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red blood cells, anucleated in adults and developed in bone marrow. It is flexible and transports gasses

22
Q

Leukocytes

A

White blood cells, cells of the immune system found in the blood (but function mainly in tissue)

23
Q

What are the five leukocytes commonly found in blood?

A

Neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil, lymphocyte, monocyte

24
Q

Neutrophil

A

Antibacterial cells, main component of pus. Multi-lobed nuceluus

25
Q

Which leukocyte is the most common in blood?

A

Neutrophil

26
Q

Which leukocyte fights off bacteria

A

Neutrophil

27
Q

Eosinophile

A

Stained red, di-lobed nucelus. Active during infallmation due to asthma and hay fever

28
Q

Which leukocyte fights off worms?

A

Eosinophil

29
Q

Basophils

A

Granuled cells, contribute to anaphylaxis and other related inflammations

30
Q

Which leukocyte is the rarest in blood?

A

Basophil; potentially the same as mast cell

31
Q

Lymphocyte

A

Adaptive immune cells, about as small as a red blood cell. There are two types

32
Q

B-cells

A

A type of lymphocyte that matures in bone marrow. They secrete antibodies

33
Q

T-cells

A

A type of lymphocyte that matures in the thymus. They are involved in direct cellular response

34
Q

Monocyte

A

Mononuclear phagocyte system and have an indent in the nucleus. Gives rise to many different types of cells (microglia, osteoclasts, etc.)

35
Q

Thrombocytes

A

Platelets, function in clotting and healing. They are fragmented off of megakaryocytes

36
Q

What are the sections of bone marrow

A

Sinusoids and hematopoietic cords

37
Q

Sinusoids

A

The area of bone marrow where erythrocytes develop

38
Q

Hematopoietic cords

A

The area of bone marrow where leukocytes are made

39
Q

Megakaryocytes

A

Large cells found in bone marrow that make platelets

40
Q

Functions of the lymphatic system

A

1) drain excess fluid from tissue

2) mingling of leukocytes to present antigens

Human Body (Anatomy) (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions