Ophthalmology 5 - Hypertensive Retinopathy

Question 1

silver/copper wiring eye sign

Answer 1

walls of arterioles thickened and sclerosed so reflect light

Hypertensive retinopathy

Question 2

AV nipping

Answer 2

arterioles compress the veins they cross over

hypertensive retinopathy

Question 3

cotton wall spots eye signs

Answer 3

ischaemia and infaraction to retina damages nerve fibres

hypertensive retinopathy

Question 4

hard exudates eye sign

Answer 4

lipids leaking onto retina

Question 5

papilloedema cause

Answer 5

ishchaemia to optic nerve leads to it swelling + blurring of margins

Question 6

summary of hypertensive retinopathy fundoscopy signs

Answer 6

silver wiring
AV nipping
cotton wool spots
hard exudates
retinal haemorrhages
papilloedema

Question 7

Keith-Wagener classification of hypertensive retinopathy

Answer 7

1 - mild narrowing of arterioles
2 - focal constriction of blood vessels + AV nipping
3 - cotton wool spots, exudates, bleeds
4 - papilloedema

Question 8

management of hypertensive retinopathy

Answer 8

control blood pressure, lipids, risk factors