Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Question 1

Outline the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 1

• The upper airway is narrowed by loss of muscle tone during sleep, macroglossia in obesity and other mechanisms

Question 2

How is obstructive sleep apnoea diagnosed and managed?

Answer 2

• Polysomnography (sleep study)
• Increase ventilation
  
  • CPAP therapy
  • Oral appliance therapy, hypoglossal stimulator, upper airway surgery
• Adjuncts
  
  • Weight loss +/- bariatric surgery