Deep Vein Thrombosis

Question 1

What are the risk factors for deep vein thrombosis?

Answer 1

• Recent medical admission/major surgery (especially abdo laparotomy - inflation reduces IVC return)
• Active cancer
• Lower extremity trauma
• Increasing age
• Pregnancy/OCP use
• Obesity
• Recent long distance air travel
• Clotting disorders

Question 2

What examination findings are likely to be present in a patient with a DVT?

Answer 2

Unilateral limb swelling and pain

Dilated superficial veins

Question 3

What investigations should be used to determine the presence of a DVT?

Answer 3

• Venous ultrasound
• Baseline FBE, coags, U&E, LFTs
• D-dimer (useful only in excluding DVT)

Question 4

What are the prinicples of management for a patient with a DVT?

Answer 4

• Anticoagulation
• Mechanical support
  
  • Compression stockings
  • Mobilisation