Pancreatic and Gallbladder Pathology

Question 1

What are some complications of acute pancreatitis?

Answer 1

• Pseudocyst (haemorrhage and necrosis)
• Pancreatic ascites
• Hypocalcaemia (saponification)
• Shock
• ARDS

Question 2

What are the risk factors for exocrine pancreatic tumours? How are they diagnosed?

Answer 2

• Smoking
• Long-term diabetes or high-fat diet
• Diagnosed on biopsy (sometimes CEA, Ca19-9 markers)

Question 3

Which bowel disease is most commonly associated with cholangiocarcinoma development? Where does the tumour most commonly develop?

Answer 3

• UC
• Extra-hepatic development common (local invasion)
  
  • Intra-hepatic development more likely to invade peri-neurally