Neuroscience Week 6: Gustatory

Question 1

Identify

Answer 1

Question 2

Identify

Answer 2

Question 3

Gustatory pathway ganglia

3 listed

Answer 3

• Geniculate ganglion
• Petrosal ganglion
• Nodose ganglion

Question 4

Geniculate ganglion associated nerve

Answer 4

Facial nerve

Question 5

Petrosal ganglion associated nerve

Answer 5

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 6

Nodose ganglion associated nerve

Answer 6

Vagus nerve

Question 7

Gustatory pathway

Answer 7

Primary: geniculate, petrosal, nodose ganglia

↓

Secondary: Solitary nucleus tract

↓

Tertiary: VPN (Ventral posteromedial nucleus) nucleus of the thalamus

↓

Primary: gustatory area at the frontal operculum and insula

Question 8

Identify

Answer 8

Question 9

Identify

Answer 9

Question 10

oral muscle innervated by Vagus nerve

Answer 10

Palatoglossus

Question 11

Palatoglossus is innervated by?

Answer 11

Vagus nerve

Question 12

All muscles of the tongue are innervated by? With exception to?

Answer 12

• Hypoglossal nerve
• Palatoglossus which is innervated by Vagus nerve

Question 13

Palatoglossus action

Answer 13

posterior elevation for swallowing

Question 14

Hypoglossus innervation

Answer 14

hypoglossal nerve

Question 15

hypoglossus action

Answer 15

retracts and depresses the tongue

Question 16

Genioglossus action

Answer 16

protrudes the tongue

Question 17

Genioglossus innervation

Answer 17

hypoglossal nerve

Question 18

Styloglossus innervation

Answer 18

Hypoglossal nerve

Question 19

Styloglossus action

Answer 19

drives the sides of the tongue upwards

Question 20

which nerve provides general sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 20

Trigeminal nerve (lingual nerve)

Question 21

which nerve provides special sensation of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

Answer 21

Chorda tympani of the facial nerve

Question 22

which nerve provides general sensation of the postterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 22

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 23

which nerve provides special sensation of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

Answer 23

Glossopharyngeal nerve

Question 24

Taste sensation involvement of facial palsy

Answer 24

loss of taste of the anterior 2/3 of the tongue through LMN lesion

Question 25

Tongue development

Answer 25

Question 26

Identify Innervation

Answer 26

Question 27

Identify arches

Answer 27

Question 28

The genie sticks out his?

Answer 28

• Tongue
• Genioglossus (protrudes tongue)

Question 29

Identify function and innervation

Answer 29

Question 30

Identify Nucleus

Answer 30

Question 31

Identify afferent and efferent

Answer 31

Question 32

Identify Reflex

Answer 32

Question 33

Taste disorders

3 listed

Answer 33

• Ageusia
• Hypogeusia
• Dysgeusia

Question 34

Taste disorders are most commonly caused by?

Answer 34

Impaired smell

Question 35

Taste disorders common causes

6 listed

Answer 35

• Drug-induced (anti-hypertensives, antibiotics, most CNS drugs)
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (metallic taste in the morning)
• Oral disease (e.g. candidiasis)
• Radiotherapy for head and neck cancers
• Damage to peripheral nerves: middle ear infections or ear surgery can damage chorda tympani, third molar extraction can damage lingual nerve (containing fibers CN V and VII)
• aging

Question 36

Aguesia

Answer 36

Ageusia is the loss of taste functions of the tongue, particularly the inability to detect sweetness, sourness, bitterness, saltiness, and umami

Question 37

Hypoguesia

Answer 37

is a reduced ability to taste things (to taste sweet, sour, bitter, or salty substances). The complete lack of taste is referred to as ageusia. Causes of hypogeusia include the chemotherapy drug bleomycin, an antitumor antibiotic as well as zinc deficiency.

Question 38

Dysgeusia

Answer 38

also known as parageusia, is a distortion of the sense of taste.