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Neuroscience > Neuroscience Week 3: Somatosensory Systems > Flashcards

Neuroscience Week 3: Somatosensory Systems Flashcards

1
Q

Mechanical Receptors

6 listed

A
  • Meissner Corpuscles
  • Merkel Discs
  • Hair Follicle receptors
  • Ruffini endings
  • Pacinian corpuscles
  • Muscle spindles
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2
Q

Nociceptors examples

2 listed

A
  • A𝛿 mechanical; heat
  • C-polymodal
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3
Q

Thermoreceptors example

A

free nerve endings

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4
Q

Meissner Corpuscles Function

A

Tactile: shape/surfaces. Stereognosis

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5
Q

Merkel Discs Function

A

Tactile: indentation. Two-point sense, graphesthesia, flutter (low frequency)

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6
Q

Hair Follicle receptors Function

A

Tactile in hairy skin

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7
Q

Ruffini Endings Function

A

Stretching & Shapes. Stereognosis, pressing or squeezing

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8
Q

Pacinian Corpuscles Function

A

Vibrations. High Frequency

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9
Q

Muscle Spindles Function

A

Proprioception. Limb position, motion sense

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10
Q

Vibration high frequency

A

256 vibrations / sec

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11
Q

Vibration Low Frequency

A

125 vibration/sec light flutter

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12
Q

A𝛿 Mechanical Receptor function

A

heat, pinprick at or >45C, damaging chemical information

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13
Q

C-polymodal Receptor Function

A

Tissue damage

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14
Q

The termperature sensing warning device

A

Noiception: a warning device

A. Nociceptive spinal reflexes triggered at ~45°C (113°F)

B. Maintenance >/= 45°C (113°F) is tissue damaging

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15
Q

Pain Perception

A
  • moments after the nociceptive reflex withdrawal the stimulus is perceived as pain
  • Delay in perception is due to the time required to relay nociceptive signals via the spinothalamic tract to the 3rd order neurons in the thalamus, and they relay from thalamus to somatosensory cortex
  • Nociceptive reflexes and the “pain threshold” serve a protective role
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16
Q

Pain as a Recuperative Healing Mechanism

A

Induces disuse of the injured area to promote healing

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17
Q

Myelination of Aα and function

A
  • Heavily myelinated
  • limb position and motion
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18
Q

Myelination of Aß and function

A

low threshold stimuli

gentle touch

modest myelinated

19
Q

Myelination of Aδ fibers

A

Lightly myelinated

first fast pain

Bright and well localized pain

sets off protective reflexes

20
Q

C fiber Myelination and function

A

Unmyelinated

smaller than Aδ fibers

conduct about 1yd/sec

poorly localized

long pain, dull, aching

Triggers disuse of the injured site

protection for healing

much more proportionality 70%

21
Q

Which nerve fibers set off protective reflexes

A

Aδ fibers

22
Q

Identify pathway and where the 2nd order neuron is located

A
23
Q

Fill in

A

motion is passive motion so someone is moving your arm

24
Q

Funiculus vs Fasciculus

A

Funiculus is a fiber bundle

Fasciculus is a thinner fiber bundle

many fasciculi make up a funiculus

25
Q
A
26
Q

Identify

A
27
Q

Dorsal columns- medial lemniscus pathway

A
  • ascend fasiculus gracilis
  • fibers from T6 and above will ascend in the cuneate fasiculus (general sense from upper trunk and upper limbs) synapse on nucleus cuneatus of medulla
  • fibers below T6 ascend in the fasiculus gracilis (general sense from the lower trunk and lower limbs) synapse on nucleus gracilus of medulla
  • medial meniscus is the name of the fiber tracts after the decussation in the medulla
28
Q

3D diagram of the dorsal columns - ML pathway

A
29
Q

Spinothalamic Tract

A

pain and temperature from the body

primary neurons dorsal root ganglion

2ndary ipsilateral dorsal horn

decussate

3rtiary in thalamus to the primary somatosensory cortex

pay attention to where lesions are in relation to decussation

30
Q

Spinothalamic tract 3D diagram

A

if there was a lesion at the ventral white commissure would have deficits bilaterally because both sides decussate there

31
Q

Tract responsible for unconscious proprioception

A

Spinocerebellar

32
Q

Identify

know the blood supply

A
33
Q

Identify

know the blood supply

A
34
Q

Identify

know the blood supply

A
35
Q

Vertebral-basilar system

A
  • Know Vertebral-Basilar system
  • vertebral arteries
  • Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)
36
Q

Blood Supply to the spinal cord

A

both posterior spinal arteries supply the dorsal columns

if in the anterior spinal would have ipsilateral motor deficits and contralateral pain and temp deficits

37
Q

Draw and label each pathway and include 1st 2nd3rd order neurons and location of decussations

A
38
Q

Question 1

A
39
Q

Question 2

A
40
Q

Question 3

A
41
Q

Question 4

A
42
Q

Question 5

A
43
Q

Question 6

A
44
Q

Question 7

A

Neuroscience (96 decks)

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