Neuromuscular

Question 1

Name three functional characteristics of a Type 1 muscle fibre.

Answer 1

High aerobic capacity, High resistance to fatigue and slow contractile speed.

Question 2

Name three structural characteristics of a type 1 muscle fibre.

Answer 2

Small motor neurone size, High myoglobin content, High capillary density.

Question 3

What is aerobic exercise?

Answer 3

Exercise that is low to medium intensity where the demand for oxygen can be met.

Question 4

What is anaerobic exercise?

Answer 4

High intensity exercise where the demand for oxygen cannot be met.

Question 5

What are the three types of muscle fibres?

Answer 5

Slow twitch (1), Fast oxidative glycolytic (2a), Fast glycolytic (2x).

Question 6

Which muscle fibre is used for a 100m sprint and why?

Answer 6

Fast glycolytic as it has very high anaerobic capacity, Fast contractile and can produce a high amount of force to meet the explosive demands of that race.

Question 7

What muscle fibre is predominantly used in a 1500m race?

Answer 7

Fast oxidative glycolytic fibres as they have both a high force produced and a medium aerobic capacity to allow for a longer burst of energy.

Question 8

Which muscle fibre will be predominantly used in a marathon?

Answer 8

Slow twitch fibres as they have a high aerobic capacity and high myoglobin content to allow for more oxygen to go to working muscle during this aerobic event.

Question 9

Name three structural characteristics of a type 2a muscle fibre.

Answer 9

Large motor neurone size, medium capillary density, medium myoglobin content.

Question 10

Name three functional characteristics of a type 2a muscle fibre.

Answer 10

High anaerobic capacity, medium aerobic capacity, fast contractile speed.

Question 11

Name three structural characteristics of a type 2x muscle fibre.

Answer 11

Large motor neurone size, low myoglobin content, low capillary density.

Question 12

Name three functional characteristics of a type 2x muscle fibre.

Answer 12

Fast contractile speed, very high anaerobic capacity, high fatiguability.

Question 13

What is hypertrophy?

Answer 13

When a muscle becomes bigger and stronger.

Question 14

What is atrophy?

Answer 14

When a muscle shrinks and becomes weaker.

Question 15

What is the all or none law?

Answer 15

A sequence of impulses has to be a sufficient intensity to stimulate all muscle fibres in a motor unit to make it contract otherwise no contraction will happen.

Question 16

What is spatial summation?

Answer 16

When the strength of a contraction changes by altering the number and size of the muscle’s motor units.

Question 17

What is wave summation?

Answer 17

Where there is a repeated nerve impulse with no time to relax so a sustained contraction occurs.

Question 18

What is a tetanic contraction?

Answer 18

A sustained muscle contraction caused by a series of fast repeating stimuli.

Question 19

What are muscle spindles?

Answer 19

A type of proprioceptor that detect how fast and far a muscle stretches. It then produces the stretch flex.

Question 20

What are Golgi Tendon organs?

Answer 20

Proprioceptors that are activated when there is tension in the muscle.

Question 21

What is a motor unit?

Answer 21

A motor neurone (nerve) and all of the muscles fibres that is stimulated by it.