Impact of specialist training on energy systems Flashcards
What is altitude training?
Training 2500m above sea level where the partial pressure of oxygen is lower.
How does altitude training affect VO2max?
Improves VO2max in the long run as the performer will be able to utilise oxygen more efficiently.
Why does altitude training cause detraining in the short term?
It’s harder to train at the same intensity with a lower partial pressure of O2.
Other than detraining, what are two disadvantages of altitude training?
Altitude sickness, home sickness.
What is plyometric training?
Repeated rapid stretching and contacting of muscles to increase muscle power.
What energy system does plyometric training improve?
The anaerobic systems as fast twitch muscle fibres are strengthened from explosive movements.
What are the three stages of plyometric training?
Eccentric phase, Amortisation phase, Concentric phase.
What occurs during the eccentric phase of plyometric training?
The muscle will perform an eccentric contraction where it lengthens under pressure and builds force.
What is the amortisation phase of plyometric training?
The time taken between the eccentric and concentric phase. It should be as short as possible to not waste energy.
What is the concentric phase of polymeric training?
The stored energy is used to contract the muscle harder.
Give a sporting example of polymeric training.
A sprinter jump up and down from a box with one leg and switching to improve leg strength.
What does SAQ training aim to improve?
Multi-directional movement and the neuromuscular system.
What does SAQ training typically include?
Zig zags and other movement where the performer is changing direction with max force (anaerobically) at high speeds.
What energy system does SAQ training improve?
The anaerobic systems.
What is High intensity interval training?
Periods of work interspersed with recovery periods.
What energy system does HIIT improve?
It can be both anaerobic and aerobic.
What are the four main variables of HIIT?
Duration of work intervals, intensity of work intervals, duration of the recovery interval, number of recovery and work intervals.
How would a 100m sprinter use HIIT?
10 second work intervals at max force to mimic a race and short recovery intervals.
