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Neuro VII Flashcards

1
Q

What inhibits primitive reflexes?

A

Frontal lobe development. This is why frontal lobe lesions can lead to loss of inhibition of these reflexes.

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2
Q

plantar reflex

A

dorsiflexion of large toe and fanning of other toes with plantar stimulation

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3
Q

Location of CN nerves

A

FA 477

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4
Q

Location of infundibulum

A

FA 477

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5
Q

location of mammillary body?

A

FA 477

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6
Q

location of CN nerves in midbrain/pons/medulla ETC

A 
Rule of 4s
4 above pons (I-IV)
4 in pons (V-VIII)
4 in medulla (IX-XII)
4 CN nuclei
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7
Q

medial CN nuclei

A

III, IV, VI, XII “factors of 12”

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8
Q

Location of pineal body, superior and middle cerebellar peduncles

A

FA 477

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9
Q

Pineal gland function

A

1) melatonin secretion

2) circadian rhythms

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10
Q

Superior colliculi function

A

conjugate vertical gaze center

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11
Q

Inferior colliculi function

A

auditory

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12
Q

Parinaud syndrome

A

paralysis of conjugate vertical gaze due to lesion in superior colliculi

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13
Q

Parinaud syndrome causes

A

1) pinealoma
2) stroke
3) hydrocephalus

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14
Q

Where are CN nuclei generally located?

A

Tegmentum portion of brain stem.

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15
Q

CN XI nucleus location?

A

spinal cord

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16
Q

CN VII nucleus location?

A

pons

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17
Q

CN XII nucleus location?

A

medulla

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18
Q

CN IV nucleus location?

A

midbrain

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19
Q

CN IX nucleus location?

A

medulla

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20
Q

CN III nucleus location?

A

midbrain

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21
Q

CN V nucleus location?

A

pons

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22
Q

CN VI nucleus location?

A

pons

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23
Q

CN X nucleus location?

A

medulla

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24
Q

CN VIII nucleus location?

A

pons

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25
lateral vs medial CN nuclei
lateral nuclei = sensory (aLar palte) --- sulcus limitans--- medial nuclei = motor (basal plate)
26
cribriform plate transmits...
CN I
27
optic canal transmits
CN II + ophthalmic artery
28
SOF transmits...
CN III, IV, VI, V1
29
Foramen rotundum transmits...
V2
30
Foramen ovale transmits...
V3
31
foramen spinosum transmits...
middle meningeal artery
32
internal auditory meatus transmits
VII + VIII
33
jugular foramen transmits...
CN IX, X, XI
34
foramen magnum transmits...
brainstem
35
CN XII location of exit
hypoglossal canal
36
oculomotor innervates
SR + IR + MR + IO
37
oculomotor functions
1) eye movement 2) pupillary constriction 3) accommodation 4) eyelid opening (elevator palpebrae)
38
Edinger-Westphal nucleus?
PS pre-ganglionic nucleus that innervates the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle.
39
trochlear innervates
SO
40
trigeminal functions
1) mastication 2) facial sensation 3) somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue.
41
abducens innervates
LR
42
facial nerve functions
1) facial movement 2) taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue 3) lacrimation 4) salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands) 5) eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi) 6) auditory volume modulation (stapedius)
43
Glossopharyngeal functions
1) taste and sensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue 2) swallowing 3) salivation (parotid gland) 4) monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo- and baroreceptors 5) elevation of pharynx/larynx (sylopharyngeus)
44
Vagus functions
1) taste from supraglottic region 2) swallowing 3) soft palate elevation 4) midline uvula 5) talking 6) coughing 7) PS to thoracoabdominal viscera 8) monitoring aortic arch chemo- and baroreceptors
45
nucleus solitarius function
Visceral sensory information (taste, baroreceptors, gut distention)
46
nucleus solitarius houses
VII, IX, X
47
nucleus ambiguus functions
Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx, upper esophagus (eg swallowing, palate elevation)
48
nucleus ambiguus houses..
IX, X, XI (cranial portion
49
dorsal motor nucleus function
Sends autonomic (PS) fibers to heart, lungs, upper GI
50
dorsal motor nucleus houses...
X
51
corneal reflex: afferent, efferent
- nasociliary branch of V1 | - temporal branch: orbicularis oculi of VII
52
lacrimation reflex: afferent, efferent
V1, VII
53
jaw jerk reflex: afferent, efferent
- V3 sensory--muscle spindle from masseter | - V3 (motor to masseter)
54
pupillary reflex: afferent, efferent
II, III
55
Gag reflex: afferent, efferent
IX, X
56
location of CN XII nucleus
medulla
57
location of CN VI nucleus
pons
58
location of CN VIII nucleus
pons
59
location of CN III nucleus
midbrain
60
location of CN IX nucleus
medulla
61
location of CN XI nucleus
spinal cord
62
location of CN IV nucleus
midbrain
63
location of CN V nucleus
pons
64
location of CN VII nucleus
pons
65
location of CN X nucleus
medulla
66
preseptal cellulitis
/infection of soft tissue anterior to the orbital septum. Eye itself is not involved. /can progress to orbital cellulitis if untreated leading to proptosis + compromised extraocular motility. /cavernous sinus thrombosis is a major dangerous complication of orbital cellulitis.
67
Memorize foramen of skull
FA 478
68
Brain stem dorsal and ventral view
FA 477
69
Foramen from inside of skull
https://www.google.com/search?q=optic+canal&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_0--TlOXLAhXGmoMKHTZCBAEQ_AUIBygB&biw=1067&bih=576#imgrc=NbeuhrDLrgKE-M%3A
70
Foramen of external skull
https://www.google.com/search?q=vegas&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjajK_RqubLAhUFuoMKHdbcBrwQ_AUICSgD&biw=1067&bih=576#tbm=isch&q=optic+canal&imgrc=W0hHf13RlarVTM%3A

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