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STEP > Neuro VII > Flashcards

Neuro VII Flashcards

1
Q

What inhibits primitive reflexes?

A

Frontal lobe development. This is why frontal lobe lesions can lead to loss of inhibition of these reflexes.

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2
Q

plantar reflex

A

dorsiflexion of large toe and fanning of other toes with plantar stimulation

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3
Q

Location of CN nerves

A

FA 477

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4
Q

Location of infundibulum

A

FA 477

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5
Q

location of mammillary body?

A

FA 477

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6
Q

location of CN nerves in midbrain/pons/medulla ETC

A 
Rule of 4s
4 above pons (I-IV)
4 in pons (V-VIII)
4 in medulla (IX-XII)
4 CN nuclei
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7
Q

medial CN nuclei

A

III, IV, VI, XII “factors of 12”

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8
Q

Location of pineal body, superior and middle cerebellar peduncles

A

FA 477

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9
Q

Pineal gland function

A

1) melatonin secretion

2) circadian rhythms

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10
Q

Superior colliculi function

A

conjugate vertical gaze center

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11
Q

Inferior colliculi function

A

auditory

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12
Q

Parinaud syndrome

A

paralysis of conjugate vertical gaze due to lesion in superior colliculi

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13
Q

Parinaud syndrome causes

A

1) pinealoma
2) stroke
3) hydrocephalus

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14
Q

Where are CN nuclei generally located?

A

Tegmentum portion of brain stem.

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15
Q

CN XI nucleus location?

A

spinal cord

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16
Q

CN VII nucleus location?

A

pons

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17
Q

CN XII nucleus location?

A

medulla

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18
Q

CN IV nucleus location?

A

midbrain

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19
Q

CN IX nucleus location?

A

medulla

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20
Q

CN III nucleus location?

A

midbrain

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21
Q

CN V nucleus location?

A

pons

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22
Q

CN VI nucleus location?

A

pons

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23
Q

CN X nucleus location?

A

medulla

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24
Q

CN VIII nucleus location?

A

pons

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25
Q

lateral vs medial CN nuclei

A

lateral nuclei = sensory (aLar palte)
— sulcus limitans—
medial nuclei = motor (basal plate)

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26
Q

cribriform plate transmits…

A

CN I

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27
Q

optic canal transmits

A

CN II + ophthalmic artery

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28
Q

SOF transmits…

A

CN III, IV, VI, V1

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29
Q

Foramen rotundum transmits…

30
Q

Foramen ovale transmits…

31
Q

foramen spinosum transmits…

A

middle meningeal artery

32
Q

internal auditory meatus transmits

A

VII + VIII

33
Q

jugular foramen transmits…

A

CN IX, X, XI

34
Q

foramen magnum transmits…

35
Q

CN XII location of exit

A

hypoglossal canal

36
Q

oculomotor innervates

A

SR + IR + MR + IO

37
Q

oculomotor functions

A

1) eye movement
2) pupillary constriction
3) accommodation
4) eyelid opening (elevator palpebrae)

38
Q

Edinger-Westphal nucleus?

A

PS pre-ganglionic nucleus that innervates the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle.

39
Q

trochlear innervates

40
Q

trigeminal functions

A

1) mastication
2) facial sensation
3) somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue.

41
Q

abducens innervates

42
Q

facial nerve functions

A

1) facial movement
2) taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue
3) lacrimation
4) salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands)
5) eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi)
6) auditory volume modulation (stapedius)

43
Q

Glossopharyngeal functions

A

1) taste and sensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue
2) swallowing
3) salivation (parotid gland)
4) monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo- and baroreceptors
5) elevation of pharynx/larynx (sylopharyngeus)

44
Q

Vagus functions

A

1) taste from supraglottic region
2) swallowing
3) soft palate elevation
4) midline uvula
5) talking
6) coughing
7) PS to thoracoabdominal viscera
8) monitoring aortic arch chemo- and baroreceptors

45
Q

nucleus solitarius function

A

Visceral sensory information (taste, baroreceptors, gut distention)

46
Q

nucleus solitarius houses

A

VII, IX, X

47
Q

nucleus ambiguus functions

A

Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx, upper esophagus (eg swallowing, palate elevation)

48
Q

nucleus ambiguus houses..

A

IX, X, XI (cranial portion

49
Q

dorsal motor nucleus function

A

Sends autonomic (PS) fibers to heart, lungs, upper GI

50
Q

dorsal motor nucleus houses…

51
Q

corneal reflex: afferent, efferent

A
  • nasociliary branch of V1

- temporal branch: orbicularis oculi of VII

52
Q

lacrimation reflex: afferent, efferent

53
Q

jaw jerk reflex: afferent, efferent

A
  • V3 sensory–muscle spindle from masseter

- V3 (motor to masseter)

54
Q

pupillary reflex: afferent, efferent

55
Q

Gag reflex: afferent, efferent

56
Q

location of CN XII nucleus

57
Q

location of CN VI nucleus

58
Q

location of CN VIII nucleus

59
Q

location of CN III nucleus

60
Q

location of CN IX nucleus

61
Q

location of CN XI nucleus

A

spinal cord

62
Q

location of CN IV nucleus

63
Q

location of CN V nucleus

64
Q

location of CN VII nucleus

65
Q

location of CN X nucleus

66
Q

preseptal cellulitis

A

/infection of soft tissue anterior to the orbital septum. Eye itself is not involved. /can progress to orbital cellulitis if untreated leading to proptosis + compromised extraocular motility. /cavernous sinus thrombosis is a major dangerous complication of orbital cellulitis.

67
Q

Memorize foramen of skull

68
Q

Brain stem dorsal and ventral view

69
Q

Foramen from inside of skull

A

https://www.google.com/search?q=optic+canal&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_0–TlOXLAhXGmoMKHTZCBAEQ_AUIBygB&biw=1067&bih=576#imgrc=NbeuhrDLrgKE-M%3A

70
Q

Foramen of external skull

A

https://www.google.com/search?q=vegas&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjajK_RqubLAhUFuoMKHdbcBrwQ_AUICSgD&biw=1067&bih=576#tbm=isch&q=optic+canal&imgrc=W0hHf13RlarVTM%3A

STEP (85 decks)

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