ID 10

Question 1

what causes intestinal tapeworm from taenia as opposed to cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis?

Answer 1

Ingestion of larvae, ingestion of eggs causes cysticercosis.

Question 2

treatment for intestinal tapeworm (taenia solium)

Answer 2

praziquantel

Question 3

treatment for cysticercosis/neurocysticercosis

Answer 3

cysticercosis –> praziquantel

neurocysticercosis –> albendazole

Question 4

how do you prevent echinococcus related anaphylaxis?

Answer 4

Inject cyst with ethanol or hypertonic saline to kill daughter cysts before removal.

Question 5

Echinococcus transmission

Answer 5

Ingestion of eggs from dog feces. Sheep are an intermediate host.

Question 6

trematode?

Answer 6

fluke

Question 7

what are the trematodes?

Answer 7

1) schistosoma

2) clonorchis sinensis

Question 8

schisto presentation

Answer 8

liver + spleen enlargement + fibrosis + inflammation

Question 9

what part of schisto life cycle penetrates humans?

Answer 9

cercariae

Question 10

How do you differentiate S mansoni from s haemotobium?

Answer 10

S mansoni = egg with lateral spine.

S haematobium = egg with terminal spine

Question 11

other complication of s haematobium?

Answer 11

pulmonary HTN

Question 12

clonorchis sinensis causes

Answer 12

1) biliary tract inflammation –> pigmented gallstones

2) cholangiocarcinoma

Question 13

parasite associated with brain cysts, seizures

Answer 13

taenia solium

Question 14

parasites associated with portal HTN

Answer 14

1) schistosoma mansoni

2) schistosoma japonicum

Question 15

what are scabies?

Answer 15

mites

Question 16

scabies presentation

Answer 16

serpiginous burrows (lines) in webspace of hands and feet.

Question 17

scabies pathophys

Answer 17

mites that burrow into the stratum corneum and cause pruritus

Question 18

scabies transmission

Answer 18

fomites

Question 19

where are scabies common?

Answer 19

children, crowded populations (jails, nursing homes)

Question 20

scabies treatment

Answer 20

1) permethrin cream
2) wash/dry all clothing/bedding
3) treat close contacts

Question 21

terms for lice

Answer 21

pediculus humanus

phthirus pubis

Question 22

lice presentation

Answer 22

intense pruritus + pink macule and papule in intertriginous areas

Question 23

organisms transmitted by lice

Answer 23

1) rickettsia prowazekii
2) borrelia recurrentis
3) bartonella quintana (trench fever)

Question 24

lice treatment

Answer 24

1) pyrethroids
2) malathion
3) ivermectin lotion
4) nit combing

Question 25

what is complementation?

Answer 25

1 of 2 viruses that infects a cell has a mutation that results in a nonfunctional protein and the non mutated virus complements the mutated one by making a functional protein that serves both viruses.

Question 26

classic example of complementation

Answer 26

hep D (needs HBsAg, the envelope protein for HDV)

Question 27

phenotypic mixing

Answer 27

genome of virus A coated with surface proteins of virus B

Question 28

nice thing about live attenuated vaccines..

Answer 28

don't need a booster

Question 29

Only live attenuated vaccine you can give to immunocompetent HIV patients?

Answer 29

MMR

Question 30

subunit vaccines

Answer 30

1) HBV (antigen = HBsAG) | 2) HPV (6,11,16, and 18)

Question 31

only ssDNA DNA virus?

Answer 31

Parvoiridae

Question 32

circular DNA viruses?

Answer 32

1) papilloma 2) polyoma 3) hepadnavirus

Question 33

only RNA virus that isn't ss?

Answer 33

Reoviridae

Question 34

positive sense RNA viruses?

Answer 34

1) retrovirus 2) togavirus 3) flavivirus 4) coronavirus 5) hepevirus 6) calicivirus 7) picornavirus

Question 35

which virus particles are infectious

Answer 35

infectious: 1) nucleic acids of most dsDNA (except poxviruses and HBV) 2) positive sense strand ssRNA (basically mRNA) noninfectious: 1) naked nucleic acids of negative sense strand ssRNA and dsRNA viruses (require polymerases contained in complete virion).

Question 36

DNA virus that replicates in the nucleus..

Answer 36

poxvirus

Question 37

RNA virus that replicates in the nucleus

Answer 37

1) influenza | 2) *retroviruses

Question 38

How do enveloped viruses acquire their envelopes? exception?

Answer 38

from plasma membrane when exiting except (herpesviruses (from nuclear membrane))

Question 39

capsid rule with DNA viruses

Answer 39

all are icosahedral (except pox (complex)

Question 40

how can pox virus replicate in the cytoplasm?

Answer 40

carries own DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Question 41

largest DNA virus

Answer 41

poxvirus

Question 42

milkmaid blisters

Answer 42

cowpox

Question 43

hepadnavirus structure

Answer 43

ENVELOPED partially DS and circular *has reverse transcriptase

Question 44

adenovirus causes

Answer 44

1) febrile pharyngitis 2) acute hemorrhagic cystitis 3) pneumonia 4) conjunctivitis (pink eye)

Question 45

CIN?

Answer 45

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. | Potentially premalignant transformation and abnormal growth (dysplasia) of squamous cells on the surface of the cervix.

Question 46

HPV serotypes associated with warts?

Answer 46

1,2,6,11

Question 47

what are the polyomaviruses?

Answer 47

1) JC virus | 2) BK virus

Question 48

BK virus significance

Answer 48

transplant patients, commonly targets kidney. DS and circular

Question 49

parvovirus structure

Answer 49

SS and linear

Question 50

smallest DNA virus?

Answer 50

parvovirus