ID 16

Question 1

Difference in presentation between chlamydia and gonorrhoa with PID

Answer 1

Chlamydia –> subacute and often undiagnosed.

Gonorrhoeae –> acute.

Question 2

most common bacterial STI in US?

Answer 2

chlamydia

Question 3

chandelier sign?

Answer 3

cervical motion tenderness

Question 4

PID presentation

Answer 4

chandelier sign

purulent cervical discharge

Question 5

PID may include…

Answer 5

salpingitis
endometritis
hydrosalpinx
*tubo-ovarian abscess

Question 6

Most common causes of nosocomial infection?

Answer 6

E coli (UTI)
S aureus wound infections

Question 7

C diff presentation

Answer 7

watery diarrhea

*leukocytosis

Question 8

usual pathogens with aspiration

Answer 8

polymicrobial
*gram negatives
anaerobes

Question 9

aspiration pneumonia findings

Answer 9

1) right lower lobe infiltrate or right upper/middle lobe if recumbent
2) purulent malodorous sputum

Question 10

decubitus ulcers usually caused by

Answer 10

1) s aureus

2) gram negative anaerobes

Question 11

long term IV catheter associated pathogen

Answer 11

s epidermidis

Question 12

other pathogens associated with IV catheters

Answer 12

s aureus

*enterobacter

Question 13

pathogens associated with mechanical ventilation, endotracheal intubation?

Answer 13

Late onset: 
P aeruginosa, 
klebsiella
acinetobacter
S aureus

Question 14

Findings with mechanical ventilation, endotracheal intubation infection?

Answer 14

New infiltrate on CXR.

Increased sputum production.

Question 15

common nosocomial infection with renal dialysis?

Answer 15

HBV

Question 16

urinary catheterization pathogens?

Answer 16

E coli
Klebsiella
Proteus

Question 17

Rash in an unimmunized child think..

Answer 17

Rubella

Measles

Question 18

epiglottitis presentation

Answer 18

fever with dysphagia, drooling, difficulty breathing.

Question 19

caveat about h flu type b epiglottitis

Answer 19

can cause epiglottitis in immunized children too

Question 20

Infection in asplenic patient think…

Answer 20

encapsulated microbes

Question 21

Infection in neutropenic pt think..

Answer 21

candida

aspergillus

Question 22

empyema think…

Answer 22

s aureus

Question 23

infection with traumatic open wound think…

Answer 23

clostridium perfringens

Question 24

nalidixic acid

Answer 24

quinolone

Question 25

bacitracin

Answer 25

glycopeptide. inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis.

Question 26

streptogramins?

Answer 26

quinupristin | dalfopristin

Question 27

monobactams?

Answer 27

aztreonam

Question 28

1st generation cephalosporin?

Answer 28

cefazolin

Question 29

2nd generation cephalosporin?

Answer 29

cefoxitin

Question 30

3rd generation cephalosporin?

Answer 30

ceftriaxone

Question 31

4th generation cephalosporin?

Answer 31

cefepime

Question 32

5th generation cephalosporin?

Answer 32

ceftaroline

Question 33

Penicillin clinical uses

Answer 33

``` Gram positives (S pneumo, s pyogenes, actinomyces) Gram negatives (n mengitidis) spirochetes (t pallidum) ```

Question 34

penicillin bacteriostatic/cidal?

Answer 34

usually bactericidal

Question 35

penicillin resistance

Answer 35

penicillinase in bacteria cleaves beta-lactam ring

Question 36

penicillinase?

Answer 36

Type of beta-lactamase

Question 37

What are step penicillinase-sensitive penicillins?

Answer 37

amoxicillin, ampicillin; aminopenicillins

Question 38

point of adding clavulanic acid?

Answer 38

protect against beta-lactamse

Question 39

amoxicillin vs. ampicillin

Answer 39

amoxicillin has greater oral bioavailability

Question 40

penicillinase-sensitive penicillins use

Answer 40

``` H flu H pylori E coli Listeria Proteus Salmonella Shigella Enterococci ```

Question 41

amoxicillin/ampicillin AE's

Answer 41

1) Hypersensitivity reactions 2) rash 3) C diff

Question 42

penicillinase-sensitive penicillins resistance

Answer 42

penicillinase cleaves beta lactam ring

Question 43

What are penicillinase-resistant penicillins?

Answer 43

Nafcillin Oxacillin *Dicloxacillin

Question 44

How do penicillinase-resistant penicillins resist penicillinase?

Answer 44

Bulky R group blocks access of beta-lactamase to beta-lactam ring

Question 45

penicillinase-resistant penicillin uses

Answer 45

S aureus (EXCEPT MRSA; resistant because of altered penicillin-binding protein target site) (Use naf for staph)

Question 46

penicillinase-resistant penicillin AE's

Answer 46

1) hypersensitivity reactions | 2) interstitial nephritis

Question 47

What are the antipseudomonal penicillins?

Answer 47

Piperacillin | Ticarcillin

Question 48

Spectrum of penicillinase-resistant penicillins?

Answer 48

narrow

Question 49

Spectrum of antipseudomonal penicillins?

Answer 49

broad spectrum

Question 50

antipseudomonal penicillins uses

Answer 50

pseudomonas | gram negative rods

Question 51

antipseudomonal penicillins resistance

Answer 51

penicillinase

Question 52

antipseudomonal penicillins caveat

Answer 52

usually used with beta-lactamase inhibitors

Question 53

antipseudomonal penicillins AE's

Answer 53

hypersensitivity reactions

Question 54

Beta-lactamase inhibitors

Answer 54

Clavulanic acid Sulbactam tazobactam

Question 55

hydrosalpinx

Answer 55

Distally blocked fallopian tube filled with serous or clear fluid.

Question 56

tuba-ovarian abscess

Answer 56

Late complication of PID. Capsule pocket of pus occurring during infection of fallopian tube and ovary.