Anatomy Flashcards
Order of neurovasculature in femoral triangle
vein, artery, nerve (medial to lateral)
location of cricothyroid membrane (for cricothyroidotomy if someone is choking)
superior to cricoid cartilage inferior to thyroid cartilage (vignettes 22)
paraesophageal hernia
Fundus protrudes into thoracic cavity. GEJ remains fixed below diagram unlike in sliding hiatal hernia.
Femoral nerve palsy: 1) common scenario 2) dysfunction
1) Pelvic fracture
2) weakness in right leg and lack of sensation in anterior area of thigh + weakness with extension of right knee + weak hip flexion
klumpke vs erb palsy
klumpke is an abduction injury; Erb palsy is an adduction injury
Jugular foramen (Vernet) syndrome
lesion to jugular foramen, thus CN 9, 10, 11 affected
Jugular foramen (Vernet) syndrome presentation
dysphagia + hoarseness + dysarthria + loss of gag reflex on ipsilateral side + deviation of uvula toward normal side + atrophy of sternocleidomastoid muscle and trapezius.
unhappy triad
ACL + MCL + medial meniscus
compartment syndrome presentation
Persistent leg pain + swollen, tense, and warm region + decreased anterior tibial pulse.
causes of compartment syndrome
crush injury + fracture + chronic vigorous exercise
FDS vs. FDP
- FDS wraps around PIP.
- FDP goes all the way to the end and flexes wrist + MCP + interphalangeal joints.
ACL location
lateral femoral condyle –> anterior tibia.
PCL location
medial femoral condyle –> posterior tibia.
Lachman test
Tests for ACL injury, at 30 degree angle
valgus/varus
lateral force/medial force
McMurray test
1) pain, “popping” on external rotation –> medial meniscal tear.
2) pain, “popping” on internal rotation –> lateral meniscal tear.
Baker cyst
Popliteal fluid collection in gastrocnemius-semimembranous bursa, commonly communicating with synovial space and related to chronic joint disease.
most common rotator cuff injury?
supraspinatus
test for supraspinatus tear?
“empty/full can” test.
infranspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
Most common pitching injury
infraspinatus
teres minor innervation
axillary
subscapularis innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves
SITS muscle innervated by
C5-C6