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STEP > ID 15 > Flashcards

ID 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Most common infections causing brain abscesses

A

Viridian’s streptococci + staph aureus

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2
Q

What are multiple brain abscesses indicative of?

A

Bacteremia

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3
Q

Single brain abscess accompanied by otitis media and mastoiditis?

A

contiguous spread of infection from temporal lobe and cerebellum.

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4
Q

Single brain abscess accompanied by sinusitis or dental infection?

A

Contiguous spread from frontal lobe.

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5
Q

osteomyelitis + SCD?

A

salmonella and *S aureus

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6
Q

osteomyelitis with vertebral involvement?

A

S aureus + TB (port’s disease)

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7
Q

most common causes of osteomyelitis with IVDU?

A

Pseudomonas
Candida
S aureus

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8
Q

Approach to osteomyelitis

A

Remember to consider whether patient is sexually active.

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9
Q

best imaging for osteomyelitis?

A

MRI

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10
Q

labs with osteomyelitis?

A

Elevated CRP + ESR common but nonspecific.

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11
Q

UTI in a male think…

A

Congenital defect or vesioureteral reflex

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12
Q

UTI in elderly male think…

A

BPH

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13
Q

RF’s for UTI’s in women

A 
Obstruction
Kidney surgery
Catheterization
GU malformation
Diabetes 
Pregnancy
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14
Q

3rd leading cause of UTI?

A

klebsiella

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15
Q

Klebsiella description

A

1) large mucoid capsule

2) *viscous colonies

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16
Q

serrate characteristics

A

1) nosocomial

2) *often drug resistant

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17
Q

What does positive leukocyte esterase indicate?

A

Evidence of WBC activity.

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18
Q

positive nitrites think…

A

e coli

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19
Q

vaginosis signs/symptoms

A

1) no inflammation

2) thin, white discharge with fishy odor

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20
Q

pH in vaginosis

A

greater than 4.5

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21
Q

pH in vaginitis

A

greater than 4.5

22
Q

candida vulvovaginitis signs/symptoms

A

1) inflammation

2) thick, white cottage cheese discharge)

23
Q

candida pH

A

normal (4-4.5)

24
Q

approach to common vaginal infections

A

consider inflammation + pH

25
Q

maternal manifestation of toxoplasma

A

usually asymptomatic; lymphadenopathy (rarely)

26
Q

other finding in congenital toxo

A

blueberry muffin rash

27
Q

congenital rubella presentation

A

cataracts
deafness
PDAs
blueberry muffin rash

28
Q

calcifications in CMV vs. toxo

A

*intracranial in toxo; periventricular in CMV

29
Q

CMV presentation in mom

A

usually asymptomatic; mono-like illness

30
Q

CMV presentation in newborn

A 
Hearing loss
Seizures
Petechial rash
"blueberry muffin" rash
periventricular calcifications
31
Q

congenital HIV presentation

A

1) recurrent infections

2) chronic diarrhea

32
Q

HSV-2 presentation in newborn

A

1) encephalitis

2) herpetic (vesicular) lesions

33
Q

What stages of syphilis are likely to result in fetal transmission?

A

chancre (primary)

disseminated (secondary)

34
Q

congenital syphilis presentation

A

Often results in stillbirth; hydrous fetalis.

survives –> notched teeth, saddle nose, short maxilla, saber shins, deafness

35
Q

Coxsackie type A presentation

A

Oval-shaped vesicles on palms and soles; vesicles and ulcers in oral mucosa

36
Q

roseola presentation

A

Asymptomatic *rose-colored macules on body after several days of high fever; can present with febrile seizures; usually affects infants.

37
Q

Disease caused by parvovirus B19

A

Erythema infectiosum

38
Q

other name for erythema infectiosum

A

Fifth disease.

39
Q

Rubella rash

A

Pink coalescing macules begin at head and move down –> fine desquamating truncal rash; post auricular lymphadenopathy.

40
Q

VZV rash pattern

A

Vesicular rash that begins on trunk; spreads to face and extremities with lesions of different stages.

41
Q

chancroid associated with…

A

haemophilus ducreyi

42
Q

chancroid presentation

A

painful genital ulcer with exudate, inguinal adenopathy

43
Q

chlamydia features

A 
urethritis
cervicitis
epididymitis
conjunctivitis
reactive arthritis
PID
44
Q

herpes usually caused by

A

HSV-2

45
Q

burning on urination…

A

urethritis (gonorrhea or chlamydia)

46
Q

gonorrhea presentation

A 
*creamy purulent discharge
urethritis
cervicitis
PID
prostatitis
epididymitis
arthritis
47
Q

painful lymphadenopathy think…

A

lymphogranuloma venereum

48
Q

condylomata lata is…

A

secondary syphilis

49
Q

other features of secondary syphilis

A

fever

lymphadenopathy

50
Q

staph aureus capsule?

A

Large polysaccharide capsule

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