ID 7 Flashcards
classic source of yersinia
pet feces from puppies + contaminated milk + pork
cause of pseudo appendicitis with yersinia?
mesenteric adenitis or inflammation of terminal ileum.
h pylori triple positive?
catalase, oxidase, and urease positive
treatment for h pylori?
amoxicillin + clarithromycin + PPI
what do you give someone for h pylori if they have a penicillin allergy?
metronidazole
biggest spirochete?
borrelia (borrelia is big). Thus, only one that can stained and seen with light microscopy.
leptospirosis presentation
flu-like symptoms + calf myalgia + jaundice + photophobia with conjunctival suffusion (erythema without exudate)
other name for Weil disease
icterohemorrhagic leptospirosis
Weil disease presentatoin
severe form of leptospirosis with jaundice and azotemia from liver and kidney dysfunction + fever + hemorrhage + anemia.
what type of organism is babesia?
protozoan
stage 2 lyme disease
Early disseminated: secondary lesions + carditis + AV block + bell palsy + migratory myalgias/transient arthritis
stage 3 lyme disease
late disseminated: encephalopathies + chronic arthritis
latent syphilis
positive serology without symptoms
secondary syphilis characteristics
1) disseminated disease
2) *patchy hair loss
Difference between VDRL/RPR and FTA-ABS?
VDRL/RPR is nonspecific and needs to be confirmed with FTA-ABS, which is specific.
signs of tabes dorsalis
1) broad-based ataxia
2) positive romberg
3) charcot joint
4) stroke without hypertension
neurosyphilis
tabes dorsalis or general paresis
general paresis
Severe neuropsychiatric disorder caused by chronic syphilis meningoencephalitis that leads to cerebral atrophy.
neurosyphilis diagnosis
Test spinal fluid with VDRL + FTA-ABS + PCR.
What are rhagades?
linear scars at angle of mouth, characteristic of congenital syphilis.
How do you prevent congenital syphilis?
Treat mother early in pregnancy (placental transmission typically occurs after first trimester)
snuffles?
nasal discharge
congenital syphilis presentation
1) rhagades
2) snuffles
3) saddle nose
4) notched/Hutchinson teeth
5) mulberry molars
6) short maxilla
7) saber shins
8) CN VIII deafness
What does VDRL detect?
antibody reacting to beef cardiolipin
VDRL characteristics
sensitive but not specific
false positives on VDRL?
In back corner Anna’s dad holding wheelchair + josh in a net on left + Claire with a rifle on right + sugar cane + lepromatous guy on rachel’s lap + Rachel Ancar in a wheelchair + prostitute covered in sugar cane laying on shelf above/false positives on VDRL can be due to viral infection (mono, hepatitis) + drugs (chlorpromazine; procainamide) + rheumatic fever + lupus + leprosy + anticardiolipin antibodies (APA syndrome).
Jarisch-herxheimer presentation
fever + chills + headache + myalgia
borrelia recurrentis disease?
relapsing fever (borrelia RECURRENTis)
borrelia recurrentis source?
Lice
Why do lice cause recurring fever?
variable surface antigens
other name for brucellosis?
undulant fever
brucella source?
unpasteurized dairy
coxiella burnetii source?
aerosols of cattle/sheep amniotic fluid
ehrlichia source
amblyomma (lone star tick)
pasteurella multocida causes…
1) cellulitis
2) *osteomyelitis
pasteurella multocida sources
cat or dog bite or other animal bite
rickettsia prowazekii transmission and source
human to human via human body lice
rickettsia rickettsia causes
rocky mountain spotted fever
rickettsia rickettsia source
dermacentor (dog tick)
rickettsia typhi source
fleas
Don’t confuse yersinia pestis with yersinia enterocolitica
ok
yersinia pestis source
fleas
gardnerella sex caveat
associated with sexual activity but not sexually transmitted
clue cell description
cell with “stippled” appearance along outer margin
gardnerella diagnosis
amine whiff test–mixing discharge with 10% of KOH enhances fishy odor.
r typhi presentation
rash starts centrally and spreads out
rocky mountain spotted fever triad
headache + fever + rash (vasculitis)
characteristic path finding with ehrlichiosis
monocytes with morulae (mulberry like inclusions)
characteristic path finding with anaplasmosis
granulocytes with morulae
Q fever presentation
pneumonia
Why is Q fever queer?
No rash or vector and coxiella can survive outside in endospore form. Not in rickettsia genus.
