Neuro drugs Flashcards
pentazocine uses
analgesia for moderate to severe pain
pentazocine AE’s
Can cause opioid withdrawal symptoms if patient is also taking full opioid antagonist (competition for opioid receptors)
butorphanol mechanism
K-agonist + mu- partial agonist
butorphanol uses and caveat
1) severe pain (eg, migraine, labor).
2) less respiratory depression than full opioid agonists.
butorphanol AE’s
1) withdrawal
2) overdose not easily reversed with naloxone
tramadol MOA
1) weak opioid agonist
2) inhibits 5-HT and NE reuptake.
tramadol use
chronic pain
tramadol AE’s
1) decreases seizure threshold
2) serotonin syndrome
ethosuximide AE’s
Fatigue Gi distress Headache Itching stevens-johnson syndrome
receptor targeted by benzos
GABA A (increase)
other use for benzos?
eclampsia seizures
phenobarbital receptor
GABA *A (increase)
1st line treatment for seizures in neonates?
phenobarbital
other drug like phenytoin?
fosphenytoin
teratogenic syndrome caused by phenytoin…
fetal hydantoin syndrome
phenytoin AE’s
1) nystagmus
2) diplopia
3) ataxia
4) sedation
5) peripheral neuropathy
6) hirsutism
7) SJS
8) gingival hyperplasia
9) DRESS syndrome
10) osteopenia
11) SLE-like syndrome
12) megaloblastic anemia
DRESS syndrome
o Code: Anna by the counter: /Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms. She’s sweating profusely + face is edematous + she’s topless with a morbilloform rash + has an edematous face/presentation = fever + generalized lymphadenopathy + facial edema + diffuse morbilliform skin rash. Bennett behind the counter + ryan O’connell + big aloe plant in the middle of the store + Ivan + bathtub of minos + geyser going off by entrance/associated with anticonvulsants (phenytoin + carbamazepine) + allopurinol + sulfonamides (sulfasalazine) + minocycline + vancomycin. Giant Andrew black standing in corner/MOA = thought to be drug-induced herpesvirus reactivation followed by clonal expansion of T cells that cross-react with the drug. /typically occurs 2-8 weeks after exposure to high-risk drugs.
o Location: Urban Outfitters in Portland, walls lined with dresses
osteopenia
Condition in which bone mineral density is lower than normal. Precursor to osteoporosis.
Carbamazepine AE’s
1) diplopia
2) ataxia
3) agranulocytosis + aplastic anemia
4) liver toxicity
5) teratogenic
6) SIADH
7) SJS
valproic acid mechanism
1) increased Na channel inactivation
2) *increased GABA concentration by inhibiting GABA transaminase
valproic acid AE’s
1) GI distress
2) hepatotoxicity
3) pancreatitis
4) NTDs
5) tremor
6) weight gain
vigabatrin mechanism
Increases GABA by irreversibly inhibiting GABA transaminase
Gabapentin MOA
GABA analog that primarily inhibits high-voltage-activated Ca2+ channels.
Gabapentin AE’s
sedation + ataxia
