Neuro-Oncology

Question 1

anosognosia

Answer 1

weten welke ziekte je hebt, maar denken dat je dit zelf kan oplossen

Question 2

catatonia

Answer 2

abnormal movement, immobility, abnormal behavior and withdrawal

Question 3

what does gadolineum do

Answer 3

it binds to the BBB where it is damages, therefore enhancement means damage

Question 4

meningioma

Answer 4

grows from the arachnoid meninge, closely attached to the dura. they are often harmless as they grow slowely, often without any symptoms (not a primary brain tumor as it derives from the meninges)

Question 5

glioma

Answer 5

derives from oligodendrocytes or astrocytes

Question 6

no hypertensity means…

Answer 6

no BBB break

Question 7

hyperintensity

Answer 7

kan iron deposit betekenen

Question 8

wat gebeurd er bij een high grade glioma

Answer 8

zit dan ook veel edema omheen

Question 9

wat is de golden standard for tumors?

Answer 9

T1 MRI with gadolineum

Question 10

what is a grade 4 tumor?

Answer 10

glioblastoma multiforme. dan zie je een ring van edema er om heen!

Question 11

which deletion has a good prognosis and why?

Answer 11

id/19q codeletion have a very good prognosis, doordat ze sensitive zijn voor chemotherapy.

Question 12

what is always the best treatment option?

Answer 12

resection

Question 13

awake craniotomy

Answer 13

kijken welke delen van het brein je veilig weg kan halen

Question 14

what is the primary chemotherapy

Answer 14

temozolomide

Question 15

what is the secondary chemotherapy

Answer 15

PCV combination therapy

Question 16

radionecrosis

Answer 16

breakdown of tissue door radiology

Question 17

tumor treating fields

Answer 17

door de verschilende frequencies at which tumors are compared to normal cells -> daardoor kan je tumoren attacken. electric fields tuned to specific frequencies to disrupt cell division, inhibiting tumor growth and potentially causing cancer cells to die. ze attacken de microtubules! daardoor niet goed uit elkaar.

Question 18

limitations in assessing HQROL

Answer 18

• selection bias (hele zieke patienten kunnen dit niet invullen door te zwak)
• timing of the assessment (ene dag kan het heel goed gaan, andere dag minder)
• low compliance (sommige patienten vullen het half in of niet een tweede keer)
• assessment after progression
• response shift (als patienten lange tijd ziek zijn gaan ze het steeds positiever in zien dan toen ze net de diagnose kregen)
• statistical significance versus clinical relevance (een punt verschil kan statistisch significant zijn maar niet relevant voor de patienten)

Question 19

low grade glioma symptoms

Answer 19

• epilepsy
• increased intercranial pressure (nausea, headaches)
• cognitive decifits

Question 20

high grade glioma symptoms

Answer 20

• epilepsy
• increased intercranial pressure (nausea, headaches)
• cognitive decifits
• paralysis
• personality changes

Question 21

in een small world heb je … clustering … pathlength

Answer 21

high clustering, low pathlenght.

Question 22

is the connectome heritable?

Answer 22

yes

Question 23

tumor patienten en connectivity..

Answer 23

zij zullen hogere clustering hebben door de tumor.

Question 24

tumors also form tumor networks. these can

Answer 24

repair themselves, are unsensitive to chemo and radiotherapy

Question 25

what is the difference between glioma and glioblastoma

Answer 25

a grade 4 glioma is called a glioblastoma