Disruptive behavioral disorders DBD

Question 1

wat betekent ODD

Answer 1

oppositional defient disorder

Question 2

ODD main symptoms

Answer 2

• angry/irritable mood
• argumentative/defiant behavior
• vindictiveness

Question 3

BOLD signal meaning

Answer 3

Blood Oxygen Level Dependent signal

Question 4

what does it measure?

Answer 4

the neuronal activity

Question 5

voxel

Answer 5

pixel

Question 6

empathetic response

Answer 6

show people with dbd pictures of pain inducing pictures. imagine it is your own pain and others pain.
-> showed less empathy

Question 7

wat is er met amygdala activiteit?

Answer 7

• is omlaag gegaan. inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and anterior insula (AI) this is indicative of reduced emotional resonance
• Amygdala de-activation more pronounced with symptom severity (psychopathic traits)

Question 8

wat is er met de striatal and vmpPFC responsiveness

Answer 8

decreased, daardoor impaired descision making

Question 9

tijdens geld winnen…

Answer 9

minder striatal activity, dus minder activiteit when getting a reward (maar alleen in de persisting DBD groep!) ook de medial prefrontal cortex heeft een lagere response.

Question 10

er was ook een verhoging in amygdala activiteit tijdens…

Answer 10

• response to losses. Dus minder activiteit tijdens -winnen, maar juist meer tijdens verliezen.
• response to fear

Question 11

dus de samenvatting:

Answer 11

• Lower amygdala during empathy & emotional resonance -> Blunted empathy/emotion processing
• Lowered striatum in response to rewards in persisting DBD; lowered MPFC with more callous-unemotional traits -> Blunted reward processing
• Heightened amygdala and ACC during aversive event (☹like losses, threat) -> Affected threat processing

New neuroimaging research proposes that methylphenidate (Ritalin) may be promising in the treatment of DBD since it alters neural circuitry. I.e., methylphenidate normalizes amygdala activation…(!)