Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

missense mutation

A

replacement of a single nucleotide leads to 1 different aminoacid

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2
Q

nonsense mutation

A

aminoacid changes into a nonsense mutation, meaning that the protein gets cut off –> korter

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3
Q

insertion mutation

A

an insertion leads to all the aminoacids after that one to change

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4
Q

deletion mutation

A

changing all the aminoacids after this one

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5
Q

duplication

A

a piece of chromosome gets duplicated during the cell division

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6
Q

frameshift mutation

A

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation caused by a deletion or insertion in a DNA sequence that shifts the way the sequence is read.

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7
Q

repeat expansion mutation

A

een triplet wordt gedupliceerd, waardoor er dus 2 van het aminozuur is

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8
Q

comt doet…

A

inactivates dopmine, adrenaline, noradrenaline

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9
Q

maoa

A

regulate serotonin

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10
Q

maoa relationship with CD

A

lagere maoa betekent meer kans op conduct disorder

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11
Q

maoa is related to …

A

reactive aggression

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12
Q

5htt gene

A

reduction of transcription of the 5htt gene leads to an aggressive phenotype

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13
Q

how to test animal aggression

A

with the resident intruder test

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14
Q

twee soorten muizen

A

AggressiveBALB/cJ and non-aggressive BALB/cByJ mice

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15
Q

waar lijken de BALB/cj muizen op?

A

op kinderen met conduct disorder en CU traits

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16
Q

what did they find with the mice?

A

minder trials nodig -> cognitief meer flexibel, maar leren minder goed onder punishment.

17
Q

what did they find in relation to less GABA by these mice?

A

increased expression of the gene coding for GABA breakdown (gamma vinyl transferase expression) in the ACC and MCC of BALB/cJ mice

18
Q

what does tryptophan do

A

Tph2 (Trytophan Hyroxylase) catalyses the production of brain serotonin

19
Q

tph2 knockout mice zijn…

A

more aggressive, less anxiety