Mitosis and meiosis - SB2/3 Flashcards
What is the definition of mitosis
The division of body cells
What is the definition of meiosis
The division of sex cells (gametes)
What is the first step of mitosis
The chromosomes are copied (now two sets of chromosomes in one cell
Describe the second step of mitosis
The chromosome sets separate
Describe the third step of mitosis
The chromosome sets move to opposite ends of the cell
Describe the forth step of mitosis
The cell splits and now there are two identical daughter cells
How does mitosis and meiosis differ?
Mitosis has one parent cell so all offspring are identical, no evolution. Division of body cells
Meiosis has two parent cells that contain half chromosome sets so offspring is a variation of both parent cells. Division of gametes
How many chromosomes are in a new cell
46 chromosomes
How many chromosomes are in a new gamete
23 chromosomes
name the phases of mitosis in order
prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase, cytokinesis
what happens during prophase?
The nuclear membrane disappears
the DNA unwinds and becomes condensed into chromosomes
spindle fibres become visible
what happens during metaphase?
the chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell
spindle fibres are visable
what happens during anaphase?
chromosomes are pulled to the edges of the cell by the spindle fibres
what happens during telophase?
a nuclear membrane forms around each set of chromosomes - separating them from each other
what happens during cytokinesis?
the cytoplasm splits to create 2 separate diploid cells EACH (4 total) with identical chromosomes
