Controlling blood glucose + diabetes - SB7

Question 1

What 2 hormones control blood glucose level?

Answer 1

insulin + glucagon

Question 2

What is the process of regulating blood glucose for someoen who DOES produces insulin?

Answer 2

• food containing glucose is digested, glucose is put into blood from gut
• metabolism cells remove glucose in blood
• excess glucose can be stored as glycogen (as is converted by insulin) in the liver and muscles
• Glucose levels must be kept steady, changes are monitored/controlled by pancreas using insulin + glucagon in a negative feedback cycle

Question 3

what happens when blood glucose level is too high?

Answer 3

• insluin is released by pancreas
• insulin turns glucose into glycogen so is removed from blood

Question 4

what happens when blood glucose levels are too low?

Answer 4

• glucagon is released by pancreas
• glucagon turns glycogen into glucose
• blood glucose increased, more glucose in blood

Question 5

what is diabetes?

Answer 5

a condition that affects your body’s ability to control your blood sugar level

Question 6

what is true with type 1 diabetes?

how does it differ from normal regulation?

Answer 6

the pancreas produces little to no insulin so blood glucose level cannot be lowered - this can be fatal if reaches a certain point

Question 7

what is the treatment for type 1 diabetes?

there is medical treatment and one other

Answer 7

insulin therapy that involves injections of insulin throughout the dayso glucose is removed from the body quickly to prevent high levels

and

they should consider intake of food high in simple carbs + regular activity

Question 8

what is true for type 2 diabetes?

how does it differ from normal regulation? + expand on simple answer

Answer 8

the person’s body is immune to insulin, meaning they still produce insulin but their body cells dont respond properly to it - meaning glucose levels can rise to be fatal

Question 9

what is the treatment for type 2?

Answer 9

can be controlled by eating a carbohydrate-controlled diet and excercising regularly

Question 10

what is the role of glycogen?

Answer 10

to be stored in liver/muscle cells till needed to be changed into glucose

Question 11

what is the role of glucagon?

Answer 11

to turn glycagon turn into glucose (raise blood glucose levels)

Question 12

what is the role of insulin?

Answer 12

to turn glucose into glycogenand hence lower blood glucose levels

Question 13

what organ are insluin and glucagon both secrated by?

Answer 13

pancreas