Enzymes - SB1

Question 1

What are enzymes

Answer 1

Enzymes are proteins that function as biological catalysts

Question 2

what are enzymes purpose?

Answer 2

they speed up chemical reactions within the body

Question 3

how do they aid you within digestion

Answer 3

enzymes break down your food to allow you to process nutrients

Question 4

what are the 4 types of enzymes?

Answer 4

amylase, catalase, starch synthase, DNA polymerase

Question 5

where are amylases found?

Answer 5

saliva and small intestine

Question 6

what product is broken down by amylase + what does it break down into?

Answer 6

they break down starch into sugars (such as maltose)

Question 7

where are catalases found?

Answer 7

most cells but especially liver cells

Question 8

what do catalases break down + what do they turn into?

Answer 8

breaks down hydrogen peroxide into water + oxygen

Question 9

what do starch synthases break down and into what?

Answer 9

glucose -> synthesis of starch

Question 10

where are DNA polymerases found?

Answer 10

in the nucleus

Question 11

what do DNA polymerase break down + turn into?

Answer 11

monomer -> synthesis of DNA

Question 12

what food molecule is an enzyme

Answer 12

protein

Question 13

how many substrates (molecules that the enzyme reacts with) are enzymes specific to?

Answer 13

only 1

Question 14

what is the product in a reaction where polymer is the substrate (enzyme acting as catalyst), starch is the staring molecule, and amylase beaks it down

Answer 14

glucose

Question 15

what 3 letters do enzymes usually end with?

Answer 15

-ase

Question 16

list 3 enzymes

Answer 16

lactase maltase, cellulase, lipase, amylase, protease

Question 17

if the substrate is lactose, what is the product?

Answer 17

glucose + galactose

Question 18

if the substrate is maltose, what is the enzyme

Answer 18

maltase

Question 19

where are starch synthases found?

Answer 19

plants

Question 20

if the product is glucose what is the choice of substrate

Answer 20

maltose + cellulose

Question 21

if the substrate is lipid, name the enzyme and product

Answer 21

glycerol + fatty acid

Question 22

if the enzyme is amylase, what is the substrate?

Answer 22

starch

Question 23

if the product is peptides + polypeptides what is the enzyme?

Answer 23

protease

Question 24

what do synthetase enzymes create?

Answer 24

new molecules

Question 25

What experiment can be done to how the PH of enzymes?

Answer 25

the banana test

Question 26

what does the banana test aim to show?

Answer 26

To see the amount of glucose sugars reduced in a substance, to see the reaction of enzymes in banana

Question 27

what does a lock and key diagram show?

Answer 27

how the substrate works with the enzyme

Question 28

what is the active site?

Answer 28

part of the enzyme where the substrate fits into at the start of the reaction

Question 29

what does de-natured mean?

Answer 29

when the enzyme’s active site shape has been changed either to pH or temp. so the substrate can’t fit anymore