DNA - SB3 Flashcards
what does DNA stand for?
deoxyribonucleic acid
where is DNA found?
inside chromosomes
structure of DNA?
polymer - made up of repeating units called nucleotides into 2 strands coiled together to form a double helix
what is a gene?
a small section of DNA
what is the purpose of bases?
they code for a particular sequence of amino acids that make proteins
what does DNA determine?
which proteins the cell produces
what is each nucleotide composed of?
one sugar molecule, one phosphate molecule and one base
what do the sugar and phosphate molecules form?
the backbone to the DNA strand
what are the four bases?
A,T,C or G
what are the pairs for bases?
A and T
(this is called complementary
base pairing)
C and G
why are bases significant?
their order determines the order of amino acids in a protein
how is an amino acid coded for?
by a sequence of 3 bases in a gene
