Maurer 9 Flashcards
अथ कदाचिद् or अथ कदाचित्
atha kadācid or atha kadācit [adverbial phrase]
then one day
अप -√राध् (अपराध्नोति)
apa -√rādh (aparādhnoti) [verb, class 5 P]
fail to succeed, do wrong
अपराध
aparādha [ppp]
guilty (used as adjective in Maurer 09);
as a masculine noun (used in Goldmans Ch 13): sin, offense;
past passive participle of apa-√rādh (aparādhnoti) a class 5 verb meaning fail to succeed, do wrong
अभि-√भाष् (अभिभाषते)
abhi-√bhāṣ (abhibhāṣate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
say to, say (absolutely, without an object), address, accost, speak to
आगमन
āgamana [noun] [n]
the act of coming or approaching; arrival;
with punaḥ, a returning
आत्मन्
ātman [noun] [m]
self, Self, soul, individual soul;
commonly used as reflexive pronoun in the singular of all numbers, persons, and genders; see ātmānaṃ
आत्मानं
ātmānaṃ [reflexive pronoun]
myself, yourself, himself, ourselves, etc;
accusative masculine singular of ātman, literaly soul, but used as a reflexive pronoun of all three persons, genders, and numbers.
आ-√ध्मा/धम् (आधमति)
ā-√dhmā/dham (ādhamati) [verb, class 1 P]
blow up, puff up
आध्मात
ādhmāta [ppp]
puffed up;
past passive participle of ā-√dhmā (ādhmati) blow up, puff up
आहार
āhāra [noun] [m]
food;
a noun derived from ā-√hṛ meaning “take”; (can also mean: livelihood)
आ-√हृ
ā-√hṛ (āharati/āharate) [verb, class 1 P or Ā]
take, bring
उप-√नी (उपनयति)
upa-√nī (upanayati) [verb, class 1 P]
bring to (someone)
उपरि
upari [adverb]
above, on, over, upon;
postposed with genitive; (also: up, upwards, additional, further)
एवं भवतु
evaṃ bhavatu [idiomatic expression]
“so be it,” literally “let it be so,”
an extremely common expression of agreement or acquiescience.
कदाचिद्
kadācid [indefinite adverb]
one day, once upon a time, at any time, ever
(sometimes written as two words: kadā cid)
कुतः
kutaḥ [interrogative adverb]
whence, why, since when, from where? why?;
interchangeable with the phrasal adverb kimartham and kasmāt
कूप
kūpa [noun] [m]
a well
कोप
kopa [noun] [m]
anger
कोपात्
kopāt [prepositional phrase]
“due to anger,” “from anger;”
ablative of cause from kopa, noun (m)
क्षमा
kṣamā [noun] [f]
pardon;
with pra-√arth (prārthayate): seek, request, beg one’s pardon
क्षुधा
kṣudhā [noun] [f]
hunger
गम्भीर्
gambhīr [adjective]
deep
गृहीत्वा
gṛhītvā [verb, gerund]
having taken or grasped, having seized;
gerund of √grah (gṛhṇāti)
√ग्रह् (गृह्णाति)
√ग्रभ् (गृभ्णाति)
√grah (gṛhṇāti) √grabh (gṛbhṇāti) [verb, class 9 P]
take, grasp, seize;
gerund: gṛhitvā; future: grahiṣyati;
perfect: jagrāhaḥ; infinitive: grahītum
ततः प्रभृति
tataḥ prabhṛti [adverbial phrase]
“from then on,” “from that time”
त्वद्
tvad [prefix]
a form of the pronoun “you” (in this chapter meaning “your”) used in compounds; not used alone
त्वदाहारार्थं
tvadāhārārthaṃ [prepositional phrase]
“for your food;”
a compound made up of
tvad (your) + āhāra (food) + arthaṃ (for the sake of)
त्वम्
tvam [pronoun] [m,n,f]
you (nominative singular);
usually personal pronouns, especially first and second person, are ommitted, but can be used after the verb for emphasis; if a participle is used as a main verb without √as or √bhū (be) then the pronoun has to be used; see Maurer 09; enclitic form: tvā
त्वाम्
tvām [pronoun] [m,n,f]
you (accusative singular)
दर्प
darpa [noun] [m]
pride, arrogance
दर्शय (दर्शयति)
darśaya (darśayati) [verb, causative stem]
cause to see, show;
causitve stem of √dṛś (see), which has no regular present
दुर्वृत्त
durvṛtta [adjective]
ill-behaved
धृत
dhṛta [ppp]
held, detained, retained, kept;
past passive participle of √धृ (धारयति √dhṛ (dhārayati)
नय
naya [verb, imperative]
lead, take
(imperative singular, that is a command to lead or take)
नि-√क्षिप् (निक्षिपति)
ni-√kṣip (nikṣipati) [verb, class 6 P]
throw down, hurl down, cast;
Goldmans also have: entrust, place
निवेदयितुम्
nivedayitum [verb, infinitive]
to cause to know, to inform;
infinitive of the causative of ni-√vid (nivetti) class 2, know
परस्मैपद
parasmaipada [grammar term]
referring to verbs, ‘a word for another’ equivalent to English active
पर्वत
parvata [noun] [m]
mountain
पश्य
paśya [verb, imperative]
look;
imperative singular from √paś (look, see),
√पीड् (पीडयति)
√pīḍ (pīḍayati) [verb, class 10 P]
oppress, pain, torment;
(per A Ruppel, also can be: press, squeeze; harm; neglect)
ppp: pīdita
प्र-√अर्थय (प्रार्थयति, प्रार्थयते)
pra-√arthaya (prārthayati, prārthayate) [verb, denominative]
desire, wish;
literally, “make an object of something,” objectify.
Maurer says it’s a denominative verb from artha, “object.” In chap 9, he gives middle ending, in chap 26 & glossary active ending.
प्रतिबिम्ब
pratibimba [noun] [m]
reflection
प्रत्यहम्
pratyaham [adverb]
every day, daily
(can be used as an adjective, as well)
प्र-√भश् (प्रभाषते)
pra-√bhaś (prabhāṣate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
speak back, answer, reply, speak
प्राप्त
prāpta [ppp]
gotten, acquired; also arrived, came;
past passive participle of pra-√āp (prāpnoti), obtained (the meaning used in chapter M08), reach get to (chapter M09, where the ppp is used actively instead of passively)
बलात्
balāt [adverb]
forcibly;
from ablative of bala (n), meaning strength, force
√भक्ष् (भक्षयति)
√bhakṣ (bhakṣati/bhakṣate) [verb, class 1 P or Ā]
eat;
bhakṣayati has the identical meaning to bhakṣati, being a causative without causative meaning, Goldmans list it as 10 P √bhakṣ (bhakṣayati);
infinitive: bhakṣitum, ppp: bhakṣita
भवतु
bhavatu [verb, imperative]
“let it be;”
imperative third person singular of √bhū, be -
see the phrase evaṃ bhavatu, “so be it”
मन्दं मन्दं
mandaṃ mandaṃ [reduplicative adverb]
very slowy, ever so slowly
महती
mahatī [adjective]
great,
feminine of mahat
महा
mahā [adjective]
“great”
- never occurs as a separate word, but must be always prefixed to a noun, forming a single word or karmadhāraya compound with it, such as mahā+rājan (king) to make mahārāja
महाराज
mahārāja [noun] [m]
a great king, a supreme sovereign
महावन
mahāvana [noun] [n]
a great forest, jungle
माम्
mām [pronoun] [m,n,f]
me,
accusative singular of aham, I; enclitic form: mā
मृग
mṛga [noun] [m]
animal, beast of prey;
in some of the stories it means a deer - deer in the Shakespearean sense. Hareesh says the etymology relates to following the path; in some of our stories from these chapters “deer,” is meant and the full glossary in back of says: an animal, usually in later texts specifically a deer - see Maurer for more details
मेलक
melaka [noun] [m]
an assembly
यतः … ततः
yataḥ … tataḥ [relative/correlative set]
because … therefore; since … therefore
वध
vadha [noun] [m]
killing, slaying, slaughter;
with √kr (karoti) [to do, make] equivilent of √han or causative of √mṛ, kill
वयम्
vayam [pronoun] [m,n,f]
we;
nominative plural of aham
विज्ञप्त
vijñapta [ppp]
informed;
past passive particple of the causative of vi-√jñā (vijānāti,
causative: vijāpayati/vijapayati), vi-√jñā meaning to understand, know, and the causative meaning “causes to know” or informs -
Hareesh adds in the class - has the sense of making a report, petition - we also talked about implored, importuned
वि-√ज्ञा (विजानाति/ते)
vi-√jñā (vijānāti/te) [verb, class 9 P/Ā]
understand, know, realize
वि-√लम्ब् (विलम्बते)
vi-√lamb (vilambate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
hang around, delay, linger
वृद्ध
vṛddha [ppp]
old;
past passive participle of √vṛdh (vardhati) grow,
so literally “grown, grown up”
शपथ
śapatha [noun] [m]
an oath;
with √kṛ: swear an oath
शश
śaśa [noun] [m]
a hare;
śaśaka is a diminutive of the same without much difference in meaning
शिखर
śikhara [noun] [n]
peak or top, pinnacle, summit, point
सर्वदा
sarvadā [adverb]
always, all the time
[formed from sarva, all, and the adverbial suffix -dā which denotes time]
