Goldmans 21 Flashcards
अत:
ataḥ [adverb]
“from this” (sing, dual or plur), spatially, from here, (i.e., from this place), hence; temporarily, then, from that time; causally, therefore.
अनुरूपक
anurūpaka [adjective]
like, the same as
अन्तर
antara [noun] [n]
interior, inside (G);
juncture; interim, juncture, the space between; occasion, interval, distance between two things; difference;
another (at the end of a compound) literally,
having such and such as a difference (M)
अन्तरात्
antarāt [adverb]
from inside, from out of
अपक्रान्त
apakrānta [adjective]
gone away, lured away
अपर
apara [adjective]
other, another
(declined like para - see chapter 5 of Goldmans)
(can also be: higher, latter)
अपहर्तव्य
apahartavya [adjective]
to be abducted
अप-√हृ (अपहरति)
apa-√hṛ (apaharati) [verb, class 1 P]
take off or away, steal (M), abduct (G);
ppp: apahṛta
अपहृत्य
apahṛtya [verb, gerund]
having taken off or away
अमर
amara [adjective]
immortal;
or as masculine noun, a god
अव-√धू (अवधुनोति)
ava-√dhū (avadhunoti) [verb, class 5 P]
shake off, disregard
असंशयम्
asaṃśayam [indeclinable]
doubtlessly
असुर
asura [noun] [m]
demon, titan;
originally meant god (M31 meaning)
अह अहर् अहन्
aha ahar ahan [noun] [n]
day
आकर्णय (आकर्णयति)
ākarṇaya (ākarṇayati) [verb, denominative]
hear, listen to, “lend an ear to,”
- M says this verb is taken from the bahuvrīhi compound ākarṇa, “listening” or “have the ear to” from ā + karṇa (ear);
ppp: ākarṇita, gerund: ākarṇya
आ-√ज्ञा (आजानाति)
ā-√jñā (ājānāti) [verb, class 9 P]
know (G); notice (M);
causative: (ājñāpayati) means to order, command
आज्ञापयति
ājñāpayati [verb, causative]
commands;
causative of आ-√ज्ञा (आजानाति) ā-√jñā (ājānāti) to understand, perceive, a class 9 verb
आ-√दा (आददाति)
ā-√dā (ādadāti) [verb, class 3 P]
take, assume
आ-√स्था (आतिष्ठति)
ā-√sthā (ātiṣṭhati) [verb, class 1 P]
assume, have recourse to, take (G);
stand on, mount, ascend, resort to (M);
gerund: asthāya; ppp: āsthita
इतः
itaḥ [indeclinable]
here; (can also mean: hence)
इतः … ततः
itaḥ … tataḥ [indeclinable]
here … there
इतो व्याघ्रस्ततस्तटी
ito vyāghrastatastaṭī [idiom]
on one side a tiger, on the other a precipice;
a serious dilemma
इन्द्र
indra [noun] [m]
lord of, best of (used at the end of compounds)
(can also be: leader, leading)
उद्-आ-√हृ (उदाहरति)
ud-ā-√hṛ (udāharati) [verb, class 1 P]
announce, call out
उपाय
upāya [noun] [m]
means, device, stratagem, approach
उभ
ubha [adjective]
both (used only in the dual)
एकमन
ekamana [adjective]
having an attentive mind
एनम्
enam [pronoun]
equivalent meaning to tam (accusative, him)
sanskritdictionary.com says : not used to begin a sentence, or accompanying a noun, enclitic, so used in cases where the noun it represents has been referred to before
कम्पन
kampana [noun] [n]
tremor, shaking
कम्पित
kampita [adjective]
trembling
कल्यम्
kalyam [indeclinable]
at daybreak
काञ्चन
kāñcana [adjective]
golden, or neuter noun, gold
कामिन्
kāmin [noun] [m]
lover
काल
kāla [noun] [m]
time, Death
√क्रीड् (क्रीडति)
√krīḍ (krīḍati) [verb, class 1 P, 6 P]
play, sport, amuse oneself
(Maurer lists it as class 1, Goldmans as 1 and 6 in different chapters)
क्षम
kṣama [adjective]
able, competent, favorable, suitable, fit for
क्षिप्रम्
kṣipram [adverb]
quickly, immediately
खर
khara [noun] [m]
ass, donkey
गिरि
giri [noun] [m]
mountain, hill
गौ
gau [noun] [f]
cow
(see chapter G 21 for notes about declining)
चित्र
citra [adjective]
bright, bright colored, variegated, spotted
जीर्ण
jīrṇa [ppp]
old, aged (G); grown old; worn out (M):
ppp of √jṝ (jīryati/te)
जीवित
jīvita [noun] [n]
life
√ज्वल् (ज्वलते)
√jval (jvalate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
shine, blaze, flame, burn brightly
तटी
taṭī [noun] [f]
slope, precipice
तत्त्व
tattva [noun] [n]
truth (G); “thatness,” reality; a real (in philosophy); a category (M)
तुङ्ग
tuṅga [adjective]
tall
√दह् (दहति)
√dah (dahati) [verb, class 1 P]
burn;
ppp: dagdha; aorist: adhākṣīt
दार
dāra [noun] [m]
wives (occurs only in the plural)
दूरम्
dūram [adverb]
far, far away
देह
deha [noun] [m]
body
देहिन्
dehin [adjective]
having a body; m. noun: man, soul (G);
having or possessing a body, (M)
as masculine noun, spirit as enveloped in the body; an individual (as possessing a spirit or soul) a person, living being(M)
धनुष्मन्त्
dhanuṣmant [adjective] [m, n]
having a bow, or (m, n) one who has a bow
नर
nara [noun] [m]
man
नव
nava [adjective]
new, fresh; unbaked (of a clay pot)
नाशक
nāśaka [noun] [m]
destroyer
नित्यम्
nityam [adverb]
always, constantly, ever
निवास
nivāsa [noun] [m]
dwelling, abode
पदवी
padavī [noun] [f]
path;
with anu-√gam, follow in someone’s footsteps
पराक्रम
parākrama [noun] [m]
valor
परुष
paruṣa [adjective]
harsh;
or (n) harsh speech
पर्याकुल
paryākula [adjective]
frightened, confused (G); agitated (M)
प्रकाश
prakāśa [noun] [m]
light
प्रचोदित
pracodita [ppp]
urged, driven or pressed on, impelled;
ppp of causative of pra-√cud
प्र-√मथ् (प्रमथति)
pra-√math (pramathati) [verb, class 1 P]
harass, torment, annoy, agitate, stir up
प्रमुखे
pramukhe [adverb]
in front of, before the eyes of (G); opposite, in front (M)
प्रलय
pralaya [noun] [m]
cosmic dissolution
प्रलोभय्
pralobhay [verb, causative]
infatuate;
causative of pra-√lubh
प्रसन्न
prasanna [ppp]
calm, tranquil, serene; kindly disposed to;
ppp of pra-√sad
प्रातः / प्रातर्
prātaḥ / prātar [adverb]
in the morning
प्राय
prāya [adjective]
for the most part, generally, practically
(used at the end of a compound)
प्रेरित
prerita [adjective]
urged, impelled
बलवन्त्
balavant [adjective]
mighty; or (m,n noun) a mighty one
बाढम्
bāḍham [indeclinable]
excellent! good idea!
√भण् (भणति)
√bhaṇ (bhaṇati) [verb, class 1 P]
say
√भृ (बिभर्ति)
√bhṛ (bibharti) (bharati) [verb, class 3 P class 1 p / Ā]
carry, bear
- G21 has 3P, but this verb can also appear as 1P, 1Ā (bharati/te) or 2P?
chap M16 has bibharti); bibharmi = I am bearing
भृत्
bhṛt [adjective]
bearing, carring (at end of compound)
मक्षिका
makṣikā [noun] [f]
fly, mosquito
मनोहर
manohara [adjective]
charming, fascinating, captivating
महापुरी
mahāpurī [noun] [f]
great city
माया
māyā [noun] [f]
illusion, magic (G); supernatural or magical power (M)
मारीच
mārīca [proper noun] [m]
Mārīca, one of the rākṣasas
मृत्यु
mṛtyu [noun] [m]
death
मेघ
megha [noun] [m]
cloud
मैथिली
maithilī [proper noun]
Maithilī, lady of Mithilā, a name for Sītā
यथेष्टम्
yatheṣṭam [adverb]
according to desire, as you wish
युक्त
yukta [ppp]
joined; furnished, provided, or endowed with (with instrumental or in compound); proper; engaged upon (+ locative) (M20);
ppp of √yuj; also disciplined, experienced, skillful
रकार
rakāra [noun] [m]
the syllable ra, the letter r
रजत
rajata [noun] [n]
silver
√रम् (रमते)
√ram (ramate) [verb, class 1 Ā]
enjoy, make love, take pleasure in;
(also: delight, make happy)
लङ्केश्वर
laṅkeśvara [proper noun]
Lord of Laṅkā, an epithet of Rāvaṇa
लोक
loka [noun] [m]
host, army
वक्र
vakra [adjective]
crooked
वक्षस्
vakṣas [noun] [n]
chest
वध
vadha [noun] [m]
killing, slaying, slaughter;
with √kr (karoti) [to do, make]
equivilent of √han or causative of √mṛ, kill
वध्य
vadhya [adjective]
to be killed
वध्य
vadhya [adjective (gerundive)]
to be killed, i.e., should be killed;
gerundive of √vadh (kill), not conjugated in the present tense
वाक् or वाच्
vāk or vāc [noun] [f]
speech, word (nominative is vāk)
वास / वसस्
vāsa / vasas [noun] [m]
garment, clothing; also dwelling;
Maurer has it in one spot, vāsas, neuter, in the other vāsa, masculine
वित्रास
vitrāsa [noun] [m]
terror
विस्मय
vismaya [noun] [m]
amazement, astonishment, wonder, surprise
वि-√हा (विजहाति)
vi-√hā (vijahāti) [verb, class 3 P]
give up, discard (G); leave apart or aside, discard (M);
gerund: vihāya
शक्य
śakya [adjective]
able, capable of being (with infinitive); strong
शौर्य
śaurya [noun] [n]
valor
श्याम
śyāma [adjective]
dark
श्यामा
śyāmā [noun] [f]
a young woman (who has not had children)
सखि / सखी
sakhi / sakhī [noun] [m]
friend, companion, comrade;
feminine with long ī
(nominative singular masculine is sakhā);
समविभक्ताङ्गी
samavibhaktāṅgī [noun] [f]
woman of symmetrical limbs
संत्रस्त
saṃtrasta [adjective]
terrified
संभ्रान्त
saṃbhrānta [adjective]
confused
सम्यक्
samyak [adverb]
fully, properly
सम्-√या (सम्याति)
sam-√yā (samyāti) [verb, class 2 P]
attain (G); go together, join (M)
साधु
sādhu [indeclinable]
directly, straight
सारथि
sārathi [noun] [m]
charioteer
सुमध्यमा
sumadhyamā [noun] [f]
woman with beautiful waist
सौवर्ण
sauvarṇa [adjective]
golden
सौहृद
sauhṛda [noun] [n]
friendship
स्त्री
strī [noun] [f]
woman
सम्यक्
samyak [indeclinable]
properly, fully
स्वजन
svajana [noun] [m]
kin, one’s own people
हित
hita [noun] [n]
welfare, benefit, well-being
(Maurer says it is the ppp of √dhā, put, place, hence placed or put, but with the sense of “well placed or put”the participle then being used as a noun.)
हृष्ट
hṛṣṭa [adjective]
delighted G); bristling (of hair, due to excitement) (M)
