Lipids - Phospholipids

Question 1

Phospholipids

Answer 1

Phospholipids are the structural basis of all cell membranes.
Different types of phospholipids perform roles in cellular function, such as insulin signalling.

• Phosphatides —contain glycerol, two long chain fatty acids, a phosphate group, and either inositol, choline orserine.
• Phosphatidylcholine—predominant phospholipid in the body.
• Lecithin—synthesised by the liver and plays a role in emulsification (fat digestion). Lecithin increases the solubility of cholesterol and helps improve cognitive function.

Question 2

Therapeutic uses of key phospholipids: Inositol

Answer 2

Inositol
* Improves insulin sensitivity
* It can subsequently be used in cases of insulin resistance (e.g. Type 2 diabetes, PCOS).

Question 3

Therapeutic uses of key phospholipids: Phosphatidylserine

Answer 3

Phosphatidylserine
* Improves neuronal membrane functioning and cognitive function.
* It can be used in cases of depression, insomnia and stress.

Question 4

Therapeutic uses of key phospholipids: Phosphatidylcholine

Answer 4

Phosphatidylcholine
* Neuro-and hepato-protective. It supplies choline for the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
* Important for cognition, memory, immunity and hormone function.