Lecture 9-Protista

Question 1

__________ are all eukaryotes that are not fungi, plants, or animals.

Answer 1

Protists

Question 2

Protists are in the __________ group.

Answer 2

Paraphyletic

Question 3

Protists are usually __________ and __________.

Answer 3

Unicellular, aquatic

Question 4

__________ are nutritionally diverse.

Answer 4

Protists

Question 5

Protists reproduce through __________ and __________ reproduction.

Answer 5

Sexual, asexual (meiosis and mitosis)

Question 6

__________ have membrane organelles and a nucleus.

Answer 6

Protists

Question 7

Protista range in size from _________ to __________.

Answer 7

Small, large

Question 8

Original endosymbiotic events lead to the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes, creating the __________.

Answer 8

Mitochondrion

Question 9

Subsequent endosymbiotic events occurred that give rise to other organelles like __________.

Answer 9

Chloroplasts

Question 10

Eukaryotic heterotroph engulfs photosynthetic cyanobacterium. Bacterium membranes are lost, organelles form:

Answer 10

Primary endosymbiosis

Question 11

This lineage gives rise to the red and green algae.

Answer 11

Primary endosymbiosis

Question 12

In both red and green algae lineages, multiple independent endosymbiotic events occur in:

Answer 12

Secondary endosymbiosis

Question 13

The five eukaryotic supergroups are:

Answer 13

Excavata, Chromalveolata, Rhizaria, Archaeplastida, and Unikonta

Question 14

This supergroup has highly modified mitochondria, multiple flagella, and ‘excavated’ feeding groove.

Answer 14

Excavata

Question 15

This supergroup can cause numerous human diseases such as Chagas disease, sleeping sickness, non-bacterial gastroenteritis, and STD’s that increase HIV susceptibility.

Answer 15

Excavata

Question 16

This supergroup is derived from secondary endosymbiosis of red algae.

Answer 16

Chromalveolata

Question 17

__________ are the main component of plankton.

Answer 17

Dinoflagellates

Question 18

Dinoflagellates are in the __________ supergroup.

Answer 18

Chromalveolata

Question 19

__________ cause red tides, some of which produce harmful neurotoxins or deplete oxygen levels in water.

Answer 19

Dinoflagellates

Question 20

__________ is loss of zoothanthellae.

Answer 20

Coral bleaching

Question 21

When temperature _____, it causes coral bleaching.

Answer 21

Rises

Question 22

__________ are bioluminescent.

Answer 22

Dinoflagellates

Question 23

The supergroup __________ can cause human diseases such as malaria.

Answer 23

Chromalveolata

Question 24

Malaria is caused by __________, in the Chromalveolata supergroup.

Answer 24

Apicomplexa

Question 25

__________ contribute to almost 45% of ocean primary productivity, providing vast amounts of energy and oxygen.

Answer 25

Diatoms

Question 26

Diatoms are in the __________ supergroup.

Answer 26

Chromalveolata

Question 27

The supergroup __________ are amoeba-like with threadlike pseudopodia.

Answer 27

Rhizaria

Question 28

The supergroup __________ are made up of parasites of plants and animals and make excellent index fossils.

Answer 28

Rhizaria

Question 29

The supergroup __________'s main groups include red algae, green algae, and land plants.

Answer 29

Archaeplastida

Question 30

The supergroup __________ helps with reef formation and are edible.

Answer 30

Archaeplastida

Question 31

The supergroup __________ is made up of amoebazoans with tube-like pseudopodia.

Answer 31

Unikonta

Question 32

The supergroup __________ can cause diseases such as amoebic dysentery and brain-eating amoeba.

Answer 32

Unikonta

Question 33

__________ are usually photosynthetic.

Answer 33

Dinoflagellates

Question 34

__________ leads to high protist diversity.

Answer 34

Endosymbiosis

Question 35

__________ are pathogenic protists needing more than one host; causes Chagas.

Answer 35

Trapanosoma

Question 36

__________ is the most common pathogenic protist infection in industrialized countries; increases HIV susceptibility.

Answer 36

Trichomonas vaginales

Question 37

When there isn't enough information to resolve a node in a phylogeny, it's called a:

Answer 37

Polytomy

Question 38

__________ is the most common intestinal parasite and the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis.

Answer 38

Giardia intestinalis

Question 39

__________ are photosynthetic algae contained in silica "shells".

Answer 39

Diatoms

Question 40

Largest, most complex type of algae.

Answer 40

Brown algae

Question 41

Represents true algae.

Answer 41

Green algae

Question 42

This type of algae photosynthesizes at great depths. It is important in reef formation. (Secretes carbonate)

Answer 42

Red algae

Question 43

Another term for silica shells.

Answer 43

Radiolarians

Question 44

Flagellated collar cells; closest protist relative to animals.

Answer 44

Choanoflagellates