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Biology 2 > Lecture 24-Reproductive System > Flashcards

Lecture 24-Reproductive System Flashcards

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0
Q

Generation of new individuals without the fusion of egg and sperm (Examples: fission, budding, parthenogenesis).

A

Asexual reproduction

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1
Q

Reproduction is the process of producing __________ from __________.

A

Offspring, parents

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2
Q

Fusion of haploid gametes forming a diploid cell, called the zygote.

A

Sexual reproduction

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3
Q

Diploid cell formed through sexual reproduction.

A

Zygote

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4
Q

Advantages to sexual reproduction:

A

Creation of genetic variation, recombination, and DNA repair

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5
Q

Disadvantages to sexual reproduction:

A

Only one sex can bear young, males and females must search each other out, only half of the genes are passed on

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6
Q

Gametes are __________ reproductive cells.

A

Haploid

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7
Q

Produced by male. Small, motile, hundreds of millions produced each day.

A

Sperm

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8
Q

Produced by female. Large, nonmotile, one produced each month (500 per lifetime).

A

Egg

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9
Q

Spiders have __________, which is the modification of the appendages (basically a spider penis).

A

Pedipalp

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10
Q

Ducks have this, which travels through the convoluted female reproductive tract.

A

Corkscrew penis

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11
Q

Snakes have a:

A

Hemipenis

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12
Q

Most mammals have __________, which is a bone inside the penis. Humans don’t have this.

A

Baculum

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13
Q

Site for egg production.

A

Ovaries

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14
Q

Aka Fallopian tube.

A

Oviduct

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15
Q

Thick, muscular organ (womb).

A

Uterus

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16
Q

Inner lining of the uterus.

A

Endometrium

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17
Q

Male gonads consisting of many highly coiled tubes.

A

Testes

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18
Q

Site for sperm maturation.

A

Epididymis

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19
Q

Muscular duct

A

Vas deferens

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20
Q

Produces mucus, fructose, coagulating enzyme, ascorbic acids, and prostaglandins.

A

Seminal vesicle

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21
Q

Produces,anticoagulant enzymes and citrate.

A

Prostate gland

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22
Q

__________ in females are homologous to testes in males.

A

Ovaries

23
Q

__________ in females is homologous to penis in males.

A

Clitoris

24
Q

Production of male gametes.

A

Spermatogenesis

25
Q

Sperm production in males is continuous from __________ to ___________.

A

Puberty to death

26
Q

How many sperm in each ejaculate?

A

About 160 million

27
Q

Under the right conditions, sperms can survive about _____ days in a female.

A

5

28
Q

Testes produce sperm in highly coiled tubules called:

A

Seminiferous tubules

29
Q

Production of female gametes.

A

Oogenesis

30
Q

Immature eggs form in the ovary of the __________ __________, but do not complete until __________ __________.

A

Female embryo, sexual maturation

31
Q

Ploidy of primary spermatocyte:

A

2n

32
Q

Ploidy of secondary spermatocyte:

A

N

33
Q

In embryo: (ploidy stages)

A

Primordial germ cell (2n)—–> Oogonia (2n)—–> Primary oocyte (2n)

34
Q

At liberty, completion of meiosis I to result in __________ __________.

A

Secondary oocyte

35
Q

The development of a secondary oocyte is arrested at __________ of __________.

A

Metaphase, meiosis II

36
Q

After fertilization, completion of meiosis II results in:

A

A fertilized egg

37
Q

In spermatogenesis, all _____ products of meiosis develop into gametes.

A

4

38
Q

In spermatogenesis, mitotic division occurs throughout __________ and __________.

A

Adolescence, adulthood

39
Q

Mature sperm is produced from __________ __________ without interruption.

A

Precursor cell

40
Q

In oogenesis, __________ __________ results in a single gamete.

A

Unequal meiosis

41
Q

In oogenesis, mitotic division is completed before:

A

Birth

42
Q

In females, gametogenesis ceases at about age:

A

50

43
Q

Mature eggs are produced from precursor cells with:

A

Long interruptions

44
Q

Master gland the produces many hormones.

A

Anterior pituitary gland

45
Q

Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) is produced in the:

A

Hypothalamus

46
Q

Luteinizing Hormone (LH) is produced in the:

A

Anterior pituitary glands

47
Q

Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is produced in the:

A

Anterior pituitary gland

48
Q

Testosterone is produced in the:

A

Testes

49
Q

_____ and _____ are required for normal spermatogenesis.

A

FSH and LH

50
Q

FSH promotes activity of:

A

Sertoli cells

51
Q

LH regulates:

A

Leydig cells

52
Q

In the __________ ___________ follicles mature, ovulation, corpus luteum degenerates.

A

Ovarian cycle

53
Q

In the __________ __________ there are changes in the uterus (thickening and shedding of endometrium)(28 day cycle).

A

Uterine cycle

54
Q

Key hormones in the female reproductive cycle are:

A

GnRH, LH, FSH, estradiol, and progesterone

55
Q

Gametes are produced by:

A

Meiosis

Biology 2 (32 decks)

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