Lecture 33/34-Ecosystem Ecology & Conservation Ecology

Question 0

Ecosystem dynamics involve:

Answer 0

Energy flow and chemical cycling

Question 1

Sum of all the organisms living within its boundaries and all the abiotic factors with which they interact.

Answer 1

Ecosystem

Question 2

What are the 5 different trophic levels?

Answer 2

Primary producers, primary consumers, secondary consumers, tertiary consumers, and decomposers

Question 3

Ultimately support all others within ecosystems.

Answer 3

Primary producers

Question 4

4 examples of primary producers are:

Answer 4

Autotrophs, plants, algae, and photosynthetic prokaryotes

Question 5

Herbivores.

Answer 5

Primary consumers

Question 6

Carnivores eating herbivores

Answer 6

Secondary consumers

Question 7

Carnivores eating carnivores

Answer 7

Tertiary consumers

Question 8

Consumers that get their energy from detritus and detritivores.

Answer 8

Decomposers

Question 9

What is detritus?

Answer 9

Nonliving organic materials

Question 10

What are detritivores?

Answer 10

Prokaryotes and fungi

Question 11

Primary production is the amount of light energy converted into chemical energy by:

Answer 11

Autotrophs

Question 12

How is primary production measured?

Answer 12

Energy per unit area per unit time OR biomass added to the ecosystem per unit area per unit time

Question 13

Primary production sets __________ __________ on ecosystem complexity.

Answer 13

Upper limit

Question 14

GPP =

Answer 14

Gross primary product

Question 15

NPP =

Answer 15

Net primary production

Question 16

R =

Answer 16

Autotrophic respiration

Question 17

Only _____ is available to consumers.

Answer 17

NPP

Question 18

Which ecosystem has high NPP?

Answer 18

Tropics

Question 19

The amount of chemical energy in consumer’s food that is converted to their own new biomass during a given time period.

Answer 19

Secondary production

Question 20

How efficient the organism is at energy transformation is measured by what?

Answer 20

Production efficiency

Question 21

Energy transfer between trophic levels is only about _____% efficient.

Answer 21

10%

Question 22

Percentage of production transferred from on trophic level to the next.

Answer 22

Trophicefficiency

Question 23

Chemical elements are available only in:

Answer 23

Limited amounts

Question 24

These are only available in limited amounts:

Answer 24

Chemical elements

Question 25

Chemical cycle which involves both biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems.

Answer 25

Biogeochemical cycle

Question 26

Gaseous forms of carbon, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen in the atmosphere:

Answer 26

Global cycle

Question 27

Phosphorus, potassium, calcium (too heavy).

Answer 27

Local cycle

Question 28

Human alteration of habitat.

Answer 28

Habitat destruction

Question 29

Species that humans move (intentionally or accidentally) from species’ native locations to new geographic locations.

Answer 29

Introduced

Question 30

Human harvesting of wild organisms at rates exceeding at ability of populations to rebound.

Answer 30

Overexploitation

Question 31

Overexploitation lead to loss of:

Answer 31

Biodiversity

Question 32

Our sense of connection to nature and other forms of life.

Answer 32

Biophilia

Question 33

All the processes through which natural ecosystems help sustain human life on earth.

Answer 33

Ecosystem services

Question 34

Exceptional concentration of endemic species and large numbers of endangered and threatened species.

Answer 34

Biodiversity hotspots

Question 35

National parks, state parks.

Answer 35

Nature reserves

Question 36

Extensive undisturbed regions surrounded by areas that have been changed by humans and are used for economic gain.

Answer 36

Zoned reserve

Question 37

Use of organisms to detoxify polluted ecosystems.

Answer 37

Bioremediation

Question 38

Use of organisms to add essential materials to a degraded ecosystem.

Answer 38

Biological augmentation

Question 39

What organisms are used in bioremediation?

Answer 39

Prokaryotes, fungi, and plants