Lecture 18-Animal Form and Function

Question 1

__________ is the study of the biological form.

Answer 1

Anatomy

Question 2

__________ is the study of biological function.

Answer 2

Physiology

Question 3

Anatomy is the study of the biological __________.

Answer 3

Form

Question 4

Physiology is the study of the biological __________.

Answer 4

Function

Question 5

Animal body plans are organized in a __________ manner.

Answer 5

Hierarchical

Question 6

A bone is __________.

Answer 6

Tissue

Question 7

What is the order of the hierarchical organization of an animal’s body plan?

Answer 7

Cells -> Tissues -> Organs -> Organ systems

Question 8

Animals constantly exchange materials with:

Answer 8

Their environment

Question 9

All muscle cells are basically:

Answer 9

The same

Question 10

Specialized and complex organ systems are built from a limited set of all __________ and __________ types.

Answer 10

Cell, tissue

Question 11

The four main types of animal tissues are:

Answer 11

Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nervous

Question 12

__________ breaks down carbohydrates.

Answer 12

Amylase

Question 13

Epithelial tissues cover the:

Answer 13

Outside of the body

Question 14

Epithelial tissues line the __________ and __________.

Answer 14

Organs, cavities

Question 15

Epithelial tissues barrier against __________ __________, __________, and __________ __________.

Answer 15

Mechanical injury, pathogens, fluid loss

Question 16

Epithelial tissues form _________ _________ with the environment.

Answer 16

Active interfaces

Question 17

Examples of this are the skin, intestinal inner lining, specialized glands, and the lining of lung air sacs.

Answer 17

Epithelial tissue

Question 18

__________ tissues hold tissues and organs together.

Answer 18

Connective

Question 19

Connective tissues are build on __________, __________, or __________ foundations.

Answer 19

Liquid, jellylike, or solid

Question 20

Examples of this are bone, blood, adipose (fat) tissue, cartilage, and tendons.

Answer 20

Connective tissues

Question 21

__________ tissues are responsible for body movement.

Answer 21

Muscle

Question 22

Muscle tissues have filaments containing __________ and__________ (important for muscle contraction).

Answer 22

Actin, myosin

Question 23

This type of muscle is striated, voluntary, attached to bones by tendons.

Answer 23

Skeletal muscle

Question 24

This type of muscle is internal organs, involuntary.

Answer 24

Smooth muscle

Question 25

This type of muscle is striated, synchronized heart contractions.

Answer 25

Cardiac muscle

Question 26

This type of muscle allows for intestinal movement.

Answer 26

Smooth muscle

Question 27

__________ tissues receive, process, and transmit information.

Answer 27

Nervous

Question 28

Nervous tissues contain __________.

Answer 28

Neurons

Question 29

Nerve cells

Answer 29

Neurons

Question 30

A concentration of nervous tissues forms a __________.

Answer 30

Brain

Question 31

Help nourish, insulate, and replenish neurons.

Answer 31

Glial cells

Question 32

Transmit nerve impulses.

Answer 32

Neurons

Question 33

Example of nervous tissues are:

Answer 33

Glial cells and neurons

Question 34

Tissues, organs, and organ systems must act in __________.

Answer 34

Concert

Question 35

The __________ system transmits hormones to receptive cells throughout the body via blood.

Answer 35

Endocrine

Question 36

The endocrine system transmits hormones to receptive cells throughout the body via __________.

Answer 36

Blood

Question 37

The endocrine system affects __________ _____ __________ regions throughout the body.

Answer 37

One or more

Question 38

The endocrine system is __________ acting, but has __________ lasting effects.

Answer 38

Slow, long

Question 39

An example of a hormone that the endocrine system transmits.

Answer 39

Testosterone

Question 40

The __________ system transmits nerve impulses between specific locations.

Answer 40

Nervous

Question 41

Nerve impulses are received by __________, __________, and __________ cells.

Answer 41

Nervous, muscle, endocrine

Question 42

An example of the __________ system in action is being able to sense temperature instantaneously.

Answer 42

Nervous

Question 43

An animal's internal environment needs to be __________.

Answer 43

Maintained

Question 44

The steady-state physiological condition of the body.

Answer 44

Homeostasis

Question 45

Homeostasis is maintained by this, which helps to return a temperature to either a normal range or a set point.

Answer 45

Negative feedback

Question 46

An example of animal homeostasis is:

Answer 46

Thermoregulation

Question 47

In __________, heat is generated by metabolism.

Answer 47

Endothermy

Question 48

In __________, heat is gained from external sources.

Answer 48

Ectothermy

Question 49

Birds and mammals are:

Answer 49

Endothermic

Question 50

Most invertebrates, fish, amphibians, and non-avian reptiles are:

Answer 50

Ectothermic

Question 51

Endothermic animals are energetically __________.

Answer 51

Expensive

Question 52

Ectothermic animals are energetically __________.

Answer 52

Inexpensive

Question 53

In __________, animals tolerate greater variations in internal temperatures.

Answer 53

Ectothermy

Question 54

In __________, animals are active at a greater range of external temperatures.

Answer 54

Endothermy