Lecture 14-Invertebrates I Flashcards
Animals that are NOT chordates and lack backbone.
Invertebrates
34/35 phyla are __________.
Invertebrates
_____% of animal species are invertebrates.
95%
85% of animals are __________.
Arthropods
_____% of animal species are insects.
75%
Primitive animals were __________ and __________ with no true tissues (e.g. No muscle, nervous system, digestive system, etc).
Asymmetric and diploblastic
Sponges are in what phylum?
Porifera
Organisms in the phylum __________ are asymmetric.
Porifera
Organisms in the phylum Porifera are __________ and __________.
Asymmetric, diploblastic
Organisms in the phylum __________ have no true organs.
Porifera
__________ are made up of calcium carbonate or silica. They provide structural support.
Spicules
Collar cells
Choanocytes
The phylum Porifera has unique structures and cells, such as __________, __________, and __________.
Spicules, choanocytes, and amoebocytes
Animals with true tissues; all animals except sponges.
Eumetazoans
First eumetazoans have a rudimentary __________ and __________ system.
Nervous, digestive
First eumetazoans have __________ tissues and __________ symmetry.
Contractile, radial
Corals, jellyfish, and hydras are examples of:
Cnidarians
Two distinct body plans of the Cnidarians are:
The polyp and the medusa
Cnidarians are __________ symmetric and _________.
Radially, diploblastic
The __________ is mobile.
Medusa
The __________ is sessile.
Polyp
Cnidarians have a __________ digestive tract.
Rudimentary
A Cnidarian’s circulatory system is called the:
Gastrovascular cavity
A Cnidarian’s __________ __________ functions as both the digestive and the circulatory system.
Gastrovascular cavity
The Cnidarian’s nervous system is made up of a __________ and __________.
Nerve net, ocili
Cnidarians have __________ structures.
Muscle-like
Cnidocytes contain __________.
Nematocysts
__________ means “stinging nettles”.
Cnidos
__________ do not have central nervous systems.
Cnidarians
The three major bilateral animal groups are:
Deuterostomes, Lophotrochozoa,Ecdysozoa
Animals that molt an exoskeleton.
Ecdysozoa
In __________, there is a pocket between the mesoderm and endoderm.
Pseudocoelmates
In __________, the mesoderm completely fills up the space.
Acoelomates
In an __________, there is “no cavity”.
Acoelomate
In __________, there are fluid-filled pockets.
Coelomates
Evolution of __________ tissues allows evolution of coelom.
Triploblastic
Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Mollusca, and Annelida make up this bilateral animal group:
Lophotrochozoa
Flatworms, tapeworms, flukes, and planeria make up this phylum.
Platyhelminthes
Platyhelminthes have __________ guts.
Incomplete
__________ don’t have circulatory systems.
Platyhelminthes
Platyhelminthes have __________ symmetry.
Bilateral
Platyhelminthes have __________ tissue layers.
Triploblastic
Are Platyhelminthes acoelomates, coelomates, or pseudocoelmates?
Acoelomates
Evolutionary trend that concentrates nervous tissue to one end.
Cephalization
Cephalization is found in __________.
Platyhelminthes
Platyhelminthes can be free swimming or __________.
Parasitic
Are humans acoelomates, coelomates, or pseudocoelmates?
Coelomates
Having 2 penises.
Hempharalitic
This phylum is known as the “wheel bearers”.
Rotifera
Organisms in the phylum Rotifera have __________ guts.
Complete
Do organisms in the phylum Rotifera have circulatory systems?
No
Ciliated disks for feeding.
Corona
Organisms in the phylum Rotifera have __________.
Corona
Organisms in the phylum Rotifera are __________ (asexual).
Parthenogenetic
Most organisms in the phylum Rotifera are __________. However, some species produce non-feeding males. This is referred to as __________
Asexual, “shuffling the deck”
The __________ __________ separates the mouth and anus.
Alimentary canal
3 main parts of the phylum Mollusca:
Mantle, foot, visceral mass
Feeding apparatus used by the phylum Mollusca.
Radula
There are ranges for cephalization and nervous systems in organisms in the phylum:
Mollusca
Some, but not all, organisms in the phylum Mollusca have a __________ __________.
Calcium carbonate shell
A __________ is a unique feeding apparatus which acts like a conveyer belt. It scrapes food into the mouth.
Radula
The 4 classes of Mollusca are:
Polyplacophores, Gastropods, Bivalves, and Cephalopods
__________ are also known as chitons.
Polyplacophores
Polyplacophores have _____ plates, live on __________ __________, and scrape __________.
8, intertidal rocks, algae
Most __________ have spiraled shells.
Gastropods
Snails, conchs, and whelks are examples of __________.
Gastropods
180 degree twisting if the visceral mass is called _________.
Torsion
Torsion is found in __________.
Gastropods
Clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops are examples of __________.
Bivalves
Bivalves have __________ shells and __________ muscles.
Hinged, adductor
Squid and octopi are examples of __________.
Cephalopods
__________ means “head-foot”.
Cephalopoda
Cephalopods have little to no __________.
Shell
The only cephalopod that has a shell is the __________.
Nautilus
Cephalopods are active __________.
Hunters
This phylum exhibits learning and complex behavior.
Cephalopoda
Segmented worms are in the phylum __________.
Annelida
Organisms in the phylum Annelida have __________ guts.
Complete
Organisms in the phylum Annelida have __________ circulatory systems.
Closed
Organisms in the phylum Annelida show __________ cephalization.
Some
Some organisms in the phylum Annelida possess __________.
Parapodia
Lateral feet (foot-like projections).
Parapodia