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Biology 2 > Lecture 14-Invertebrates I > Flashcards

Lecture 14-Invertebrates I Flashcards

1
Q

Animals that are NOT chordates and lack backbone.

A

Invertebrates

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2
Q

34/35 phyla are __________.

A

Invertebrates

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3
Q

_____% of animal species are invertebrates.

A

95%

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4
Q

85% of animals are __________.

A

Arthropods

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5
Q

_____% of animal species are insects.

A

75%

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6
Q

Primitive animals were __________ and __________ with no true tissues (e.g. No muscle, nervous system, digestive system, etc).

A

Asymmetric and diploblastic

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7
Q

Sponges are in what phylum?

A

Porifera

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8
Q

Organisms in the phylum __________ are asymmetric.

A

Porifera

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9
Q

Organisms in the phylum Porifera are __________ and __________.

A

Asymmetric, diploblastic

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10
Q

Organisms in the phylum __________ have no true organs.

A

Porifera

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11
Q

__________ are made up of calcium carbonate or silica. They provide structural support.

A

Spicules

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12
Q

Collar cells

A

Choanocytes

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13
Q

The phylum Porifera has unique structures and cells, such as __________, __________, and __________.

A

Spicules, choanocytes, and amoebocytes

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14
Q

Animals with true tissues; all animals except sponges.

A

Eumetazoans

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15
Q

First eumetazoans have a rudimentary __________ and __________ system.

A

Nervous, digestive

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16
Q

First eumetazoans have __________ tissues and __________ symmetry.

A

Contractile, radial

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17
Q

Corals, jellyfish, and hydras are examples of:

A

Cnidarians

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18
Q

Two distinct body plans of the Cnidarians are:

A

The polyp and the medusa

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19
Q

Cnidarians are __________ symmetric and _________.

A

Radially, diploblastic

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20
Q

The __________ is mobile.

A

Medusa

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21
Q

The __________ is sessile.

A

Polyp

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22
Q

Cnidarians have a __________ digestive tract.

A

Rudimentary

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23
Q

A Cnidarian’s circulatory system is called the:

A

Gastrovascular cavity

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24
Q

A Cnidarian’s __________ __________ functions as both the digestive and the circulatory system.

A

Gastrovascular cavity

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25
Q

The Cnidarian’s nervous system is made up of a __________ and __________.

A

Nerve net, ocili

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26
Q

Cnidarians have __________ structures.

A

Muscle-like

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27
Q

Cnidocytes contain __________.

A

Nematocysts

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28
Q

__________ means “stinging nettles”.

A

Cnidos

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29
Q

__________ do not have central nervous systems.

A

Cnidarians

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30
Q

The three major bilateral animal groups are:

A

Deuterostomes, Lophotrochozoa,Ecdysozoa

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31
Q

Animals that molt an exoskeleton.

A

Ecdysozoa

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32
Q

In __________, there is a pocket between the mesoderm and endoderm.

A

Pseudocoelmates

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33
Q

In __________, the mesoderm completely fills up the space.

A

Acoelomates

34
Q

In an __________, there is “no cavity”.

A

Acoelomate

35
Q

In __________, there are fluid-filled pockets.

A

Coelomates

36
Q

Evolution of __________ tissues allows evolution of coelom.

A

Triploblastic

37
Q

Platyhelminthes, Rotifera, Mollusca, and Annelida make up this bilateral animal group:

A

Lophotrochozoa

38
Q

Flatworms, tapeworms, flukes, and planeria make up this phylum.

A

Platyhelminthes

39
Q

Platyhelminthes have __________ guts.

A

Incomplete

40
Q

__________ don’t have circulatory systems.

A

Platyhelminthes

41
Q

Platyhelminthes have __________ symmetry.

42
Q

Platyhelminthes have __________ tissue layers.

A

Triploblastic

43
Q

Are Platyhelminthes acoelomates, coelomates, or pseudocoelmates?

A

Acoelomates

44
Q

Evolutionary trend that concentrates nervous tissue to one end.

A

Cephalization

45
Q

Cephalization is found in __________.

A

Platyhelminthes

46
Q

Platyhelminthes can be free swimming or __________.

47
Q

Are humans acoelomates, coelomates, or pseudocoelmates?

A

Coelomates

48
Q

Having 2 penises.

A

Hempharalitic

49
Q

This phylum is known as the “wheel bearers”.

50
Q

Organisms in the phylum Rotifera have __________ guts.

51
Q

Do organisms in the phylum Rotifera have circulatory systems?

52
Q

Ciliated disks for feeding.

53
Q

Organisms in the phylum Rotifera have __________.

54
Q

Organisms in the phylum Rotifera are __________ (asexual).

A

Parthenogenetic

55
Q

Most organisms in the phylum Rotifera are __________. However, some species produce non-feeding males. This is referred to as __________

A

Asexual, “shuffling the deck”

56
Q

The __________ __________ separates the mouth and anus.

A

Alimentary canal

57
Q

3 main parts of the phylum Mollusca:

A

Mantle, foot, visceral mass

58
Q

Feeding apparatus used by the phylum Mollusca.

59
Q

There are ranges for cephalization and nervous systems in organisms in the phylum:

60
Q

Some, but not all, organisms in the phylum Mollusca have a __________ __________.

A

Calcium carbonate shell

61
Q

A __________ is a unique feeding apparatus which acts like a conveyer belt. It scrapes food into the mouth.

62
Q

The 4 classes of Mollusca are:

A

Polyplacophores, Gastropods, Bivalves, and Cephalopods

63
Q

__________ are also known as chitons.

A

Polyplacophores

64
Q

Polyplacophores have _____ plates, live on __________ __________, and scrape __________.

A

8, intertidal rocks, algae

65
Q

Most __________ have spiraled shells.

A

Gastropods

66
Q

Snails, conchs, and whelks are examples of __________.

A

Gastropods

67
Q

180 degree twisting if the visceral mass is called _________.

68
Q

Torsion is found in __________.

A

Gastropods

69
Q

Clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops are examples of __________.

70
Q

Bivalves have __________ shells and __________ muscles.

A

Hinged, adductor

71
Q

Squid and octopi are examples of __________.

A

Cephalopods

72
Q

__________ means “head-foot”.

A

Cephalopoda

73
Q

Cephalopods have little to no __________.

74
Q

The only cephalopod that has a shell is the __________.

75
Q

Cephalopods are active __________.

76
Q

This phylum exhibits learning and complex behavior.

A

Cephalopoda

77
Q

Segmented worms are in the phylum __________.

78
Q

Organisms in the phylum Annelida have __________ guts.

79
Q

Organisms in the phylum Annelida have __________ circulatory systems.

80
Q

Organisms in the phylum Annelida show __________ cephalization.

81
Q

Some organisms in the phylum Annelida possess __________.

82
Q

Lateral feet (foot-like projections).

Biology 2 (32 decks)

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