Lecture 11-Plant Diversity I

Question 1

Plants are __________ organisms that evolved from semi-aquatic __________.

Answer 1

Terrestrial, algae

Question 2

All land plants derived from __________ __________

Answer 2

Terrestrial algae

Question 3

All plants are: __________, __________, __________, and __________.

Answer 3

Multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic, and cell walls contain cellulose

Question 4

__________ are the closest land plant relative.

Answer 4

Charophyceans

Question 5

__________ often inhabit shallow, ephemeral waters.

Answer 5

Charophyceans

Question 6

Shared characteristic #1 between plants are charophyceans:

Answer 6

Rose-shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis

Question 7

Rose-shaped complexes for cellulose synthesis (in plants and charophyceans) instead of __________ complexes.

Answer 7

Linear

Question 8

Shared characteristic #2 between plants and charophyceans:

Answer 8

Similar peroxisome enzymes

Question 9

Plants and charophyceans have similar __________ enzymes.

Answer 9

Peroxisome

Question 10

Shared characteristic #3 between plants and charophyceans:

Answer 10

Similar flagellated sperm structure

Question 11

Specialized microtubles:

Answer 11

Phragmoplast

Question 12

Shared characteristic #4 between plants and charophyceans:

Answer 12

Phragmoplast forms during cell division

Question 13

Non-vascular plants dominated for ________.

Answer 13

100 MY

Question 14

Land plant invasion was during the __________ period.

Answer 14

Ordovician

Question 15

The Ordovician period was __________

Answer 15

480 MYA

Question 16

Terrestrial adaptations of plants include the formation of __________ and __________.

Answer 16

Cuticles, Sporopollenin

Question 17

Epidermal polymers that act as waterproofing are called:

Answer 17

Cuticles

Question 18

__________ is a durable polymer that prevents spores/pollen from drying out.

Answer 18

Sporopollenin

Question 19

__________ kept plants from desiccating in an arid environment.

Answer 19

Cuticles

Question 20

Embryonic plant tissue in the tips of roots and buds of shoots. The dividing cells of this enables plants to grow in length.

Answer 20

Apical meristem

Question 21

A life cycle in which there is both a multicellular diploid form, the sporophyte, and a multicellular haploid form, the gametophyte; characteristic of plants and some algae.

Answer 21

Alternation of generations

Question 22

The 5 unique plant characteristics are:

Answer 22

Apical meristems, alternation of generations, walled spores in sporangia, multicellular gametangia, and multicellular dependent embryos

Question 23

A gamete producing organ

Answer 23

Gametangia

Question 24

The process in which each generation gives rise to the other.

Answer 24

Alternation of generations

Question 25

Multicellular sporangia that produce spores with __________-enriched walls are key terrestrial adaptations of land plants.

Answer 25

Sporopollenin

Question 26

Localized regions of cell division at the tips of roots and shoots:

Answer 26

Apical meristems

Question 27

Shoot apical meristems generate __________ in most plants.

Answer 27

Leaves

Question 28

In bryophytes, the __________ is the dominant life stage.

Answer 28

Gametophyte

Question 29

Bryophytes are __________, _________ plants.

Answer 29

Non-vascular, seedless

Question 30

Male gametangia.

Answer 30

Antheridia

Question 31

Female gametangia.

Answer 31

Archegonium

Question 32

Non-vascular, seedless plants possess:

Answer 32

Antheridia and archegonium

Question 33

A __________ grows from the archegonium.

Answer 33

Sporophyte

Question 34

Reproduction in non-vascular, seedless plants is __________ dependent.

Answer 34

Water

Question 35

Reproduction in non-vascular, seedless plants is water dependent due to what?

Answer 35

Flagellated sperm

Question 36

Bryophyte taxa is made up of:

Answer 36

Liverworts, hornworts, and mosses

Question 37

Marchanctia =

Answer 37

Liverworts

Question 38

Anthoceros =

Answer 38

Hornworts

Question 39

Polytrichum =

Answer 39

Mosses

Question 40

The fact that the reproduction of non-vascular, seedless plants is dependent on water limits it range to:

Answer 40

Damp environments

Question 41

Non-vascular, seedless plants are __________ in size.

Answer 41

Restrained

Question 42

Water/mineral transport:

Answer 42

Xylem

Question 43

Sugar/organics transport. Transports products of photosynthesis.

Answer 43

Phloem

Question 44

In vascular plants, the __________ is the dominant life stage.

Answer 44

Sporophyte

Question 45

__________ anchor plants, absorb nutrients, and provide support.

Answer 45

Roots

Question 46

Vascular plants have _________ and __________.

Answer 46

Roots and leaves

Question 47

__________ __________ alleviates size constraints.

Answer 47

Vascular tissue

Question 48

Dots of ferns:

Answer 48

Sonus

Question 49

__________ __________ increases surface area for photosynthesis.

Answer 49

Vascular tissue

Question 50

Spine-shaped leaf with a single strand of vascular tissue.

Answer 50

Microphyll

Question 51

Broad leaf with a vascular network.

Answer 51

Megaphyll

Question 52

_________ are evolved by branch webbing.

Answer 52

Megaphylls

Question 53

Modified leaves that bear sporangia.

Answer 53

Sporophylls

Question 54

When a single spore gives rise to both male and female plants, it is:

Answer 54

Homosporous

Question 55

When the megaspore becomes female and the microspore becomes male, the plant is:

Answer 55

Heterosporous

Question 56

Most seedless plants are:

Answer 56

Homosporous

Question 57

All seed plants are:

Answer 57

Heterosporous

Question 58

__________ __________ transformed land and the atmosphere.

Answer 58

Vascular plants

Question 59

__________ __________ facilitated industrial revolution.

Answer 59

Vascular plants